Project: Jotunnheim - User contributions [en]

Khobeh

2025-10-23T21:36:14Z

Thae: /* History */

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
|alt_flag = 
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|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
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|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
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|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

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|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
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==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===
Khobeh under [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] (2727-2750 CY) marked a transformative era in the early history of the nation. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] brought about many reforms politically and culturally, most significant of which was the establishment of a new Sakhāndizų council resembling that of the Bosso Empire. This newer Sakhāndizų would evolve into the modern-day Royal Assembly. This council, like that of Bosso, was a bicameral council bringing together all the traditional clan leaders of the land with appointed officials. Unlike Bosso however, traditional clan rulers along with the dynastic rulers of the Confederation were put together in one body of the council, while the other consisted of 15 officials, all of which were traditional priests. Alongside the new political model was also reduced provincial autonomy, as the seperate militias of Confederation-era rulers were now conglomerated into a central Khobehi army under direct rule of [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]]. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]] also promoted a restoration of Bosso culture in Khobeh, fostering a cultural movement known as ''Waga Agba'' ("to return and retrieve") which centered around revitalizing and modernizing past traditions. Despite the Nyamu centrism of the time period, Waga Agba also resonated with Hlong peoples as it called to traditions and customs present in both Nyamu and Hlong culture.

===Involvement in Copper War===

=== Tawalu Jukala ===
(WIP)

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. Aku Biakor has historically dominated the country for centuries, as many of Khobeh's former leaders were professed Aku Biakor adherents. The ''Kɔgɔ Ilā'', the largest temple in the country and seat of the religious head (the ''Jų̄ Asìla'') is in [[Kashinkhor]]. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly also practiced Aku Biakor. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Aku Sakhakharun is the more popular sect in rural areas as what many rural Khobehis believe is a more authentic counterpart to Aku Biakor. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. How the average Khobehi enjoys music is largely dependent on class and area; rural Khobehi often enjoy music from traditional bards who play in village squares, while Khobehi in urban areas often go to dance halls (''njanja'') where bands play ''njanja'' music. Njanja music, however, does not have the same popularity among wealthier Khobehi people, many of which find the genre to be crude. Instead, many go to auditoriums or polished ''njanja wukha'' ('glass njanja') where bands play imported [[Hashdezi Empire|Hashdezi]] genres, or enjoy imported music at home from a gramophone.

The most prominent music of Khobeh and neighboring nations is ''giranyia'', a genre focusing on the ''gira'' string instrument. Giranyia is named after the large orchestras of gira players (of the same name) who play this music in public areas. Historically, any music involving the gira was associated with rural life, but in the 4590s CY rural gira players began flocking to busy cities in large groups to play at njanjas. These groups eventually piqued the interest of former Mbolu Búlà Jufelàkalà [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]], who sponsored them to play at auditoriums internationally. Due to these circumstances, giranyia is the only genre in Khobeh that enjoys equal popularity from both rural and urban life of all classes.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Mbaay Kuyy

2025-03-07T11:59:45Z

Thae: Thae moved page Mbaay Kuyy to Mbaay Kuyy people

#REDIRECT [[Mbaay Kuyy people]]

Mbaay Kuyy people

2025-03-07T11:59:45Z

Thae: Thae moved page Mbaay Kuyy to Mbaay Kuyy people

{{infobox ethnic group
| group = Mbaay Kuyy
| native_name = Mbàày Kúyy
| popplace = {{flag|Tarwah Union}}
| langs = [[Mbaay Kuyy language|Mbaay Kuyy]], [[Bhala language|Bhala]]
| rels = [[Kunwidya]], Buboh
| related = [[Chejun people|Chejun]]
}}

The '''Mbaay Kuyy''' (''Mbàày Kúyy'' /ᵐbæ̀ːj kújː/), also known as ''Sëŋguŋkhëyy'' in Bhala, are a Nkungu-Dun ethnic group native to [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]]. They are one of the four main ethnic groups of the Tarwah Union, and are also prominent in northern Khajjiyawwa. Mbaay Kuyy are predominantly Kunwidya, most adhering to the [[Tarwah Kunwidya|Tarwah regional denomination]]. The Mbaay Kuyy are related to the Chejun, another prominent Tarwah ethnic group, native to Charagulgun.

== Etymology and demonym ==
The term Mbaay Kuyy comes from ''mbàày kúyy'', meaning "people of the river", referring to the Kut Nguat river area believed to be the Mbaay Kuyy homeland. The Bhala exonym ''Sëŋguŋkhëyy'' ("Seunggun people") is a fairly recent innovation as the Bhala people historically referred to the Mbaay Kuyy by pejorative terms such as ''barisäwwäl'' ("corpse worshipper") or ''mujeeñ'' ("infidel").

== Traditional politics ==
The Mbaay Kuyy political structure is rooted in a clan-based system. The population is seperated into five patrilineal clans: '''Morumbumbu-Kut''' (''Mɔ́rúmbúmbú-Kúʔ''), '''Kaah-'ut-Mbiat''' (''Kááh-ʔúʔ-Mbiàʔ''), '''Mongimbu-ga-Piwowkkut''' (''Mɔ́ŋgímbú-gá-Píwɔ́hwkkúʔ''), '''Sit-'ukkut''' (''Síʔ-ʔúkkúʔ''), and '''Ngut''' (''Ŋ̃gúʔ''). All the five clans trace their lineage to the five sons of ''Bee Kuyy'', the first man to inhabit the Kut Nguat area. According to oral tradition, after Bee Kuyy's death, his five sons soon became hostile to one another. This angered creator deity ''Bee Baay'' who then proceeded to destroy the compound in which they all lived, causing them to disperse. For this reason, all the clan names are the places each of them migrated to.

Each clan is led by a chief, and five chiefs collectively appoint and advise the Kot Nguat, the ruler over all the clans. The Kot Nguat holds authority via the Five Treaties, sacred statuettes serving as a physical manifestation of the covenant between the Kot Nguat and the chiefs. These treaties remain in the Kot Nguat's possession until death or expulsion. In the case of a ruler being expelled, he must relinquish the treaties or face execution.

== Traditional religion ==
Before the rise of Kunwidya, the Mbaay Kuyy practiced their indigenous animist religion Buboh (''búbóh'', "divine/sprit affairs"). Buboh revolves around three main deities: Bee Baay - the creator deity who is also the Sun, water deity Mbumbut, and earth deity Bubuat. Bee Kuyy and his wife Mbor Kuyy are also venerated in Buboh.

Regular worship in Buboh usually takes place in home shrines, while special rituals and celebrations take place at the compound of a ''mbor bot'' (female shaman). Each Mbaay Kuyy village has one mbor bot, acting as a messenger between spirits and people. The mbor bot is also consulted for general wisdom, and in some cases insight into the future. The mbor bot leads an ascetic, celibate life with an apprentice (''sit mborbyi mbot''), known as the mbor bot's "child". Regular laypeople may not touch or interact with the mbor bot directly outside of rituals. Laypeople also may not speak to the mbor bot, but rather through the apprentice. Historically, the mbor bot of the Kot Nguat and the five chiefs acted as ruling authority over all other mbor bot.

== Naming tradition ==
Mbaay Kuyy names traditionally follow a flexible structure without any order. However, due to Bhala influence, modern Mbaay Kuyy names usually follow a given name + patronym format. Traditionally, a Mbaay Kuyy name consists of three elements in no particular order: a parent-given name, a patronym, and a name given by a mbor bot at birth. The mbor bot given name would later be replaced by a self-given name after a rite of passage ritual; some religious Mbaay Kuyy still observe this tradition, but with a Kunwidya holy man instead, who gives the child a Wadiin name. In public, Mbaay Kuyy people usually use their patronym or self-given name, reserving their parent-given name for intimates.

Mbaay Kuyy people

2025-03-07T11:59:08Z

Thae: Created page with "{{infobox ethnic group | group = Mbaay Kuyy | native_name = Mbàày Kúyy | popplace = {{flag|Tarwah Union}} | langs = Mbaay Kuyy, Bhala | rels = Kunwidya, Buboh | related = Chejun }} The '''Mbaay Kuyy''' (''Mbàày Kúyy'' /ᵐbæ̀ːj kújː/), also known as ''Sëŋguŋkhëyy'' in Bhala, are a Nkungu-Dun ethnic group native to Tarwah Union|Seunggu..."

Tarwah Union

2025-03-07T10:22:47Z

Thae: /* Ethnic groups */

The '''Tarwah Union''', formally known as the '''Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West''', is a confederation consisting of states that were founded shortly after the collapse of the [[Second Tarwah Empire]].{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West 
|native_name = '' Ñjandekhelah Ikhaŋgañ si Tarwah ʔäwwä Yabbarilah Ŋkunu ne Tamm Tayabbaratta Ñjan Saaf-Wäɖáh bu Yëggul'' {{small|([[Bhala language|Bhala]])}} 
|common_name = Tarwah Union 
|image_flag = Kunu_mbarkhene_flag.png 
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|capital = [[Mbalkham]] 
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|official_languages = [[Bhala language|Bhala]] 
|national_languages = [[Thaasi language|Thaasi]] [[Mbayy Kuy language|Mbayy Kuy]] [[Chejun language|Chejun]] 
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|ethnic_groups = Bhala Thaasi Mbayy Kuyy Chejun Mixed Tarwah
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Tarwah 
|government_type = 
|leader_title1 = Head of Khajjiyawwa
|leader_name1 = [[Khajjiya]]
|leader_title2 = Yambaar of Charagulgun 
|leader_name2 = [[Raavirai K. Bandéndaraal]]
|leader_title6 = Kot Nguat of Seunggun 
|leader_name6 = i dont have a name for him
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}}

==Etymology==
The long form of the Tarwah Union name was drafted by Khajjiya member Lehäwwäl Täwbiraal Abbaatha-Jiya, taking inspiration from the Bhala tradition of lengthy ceremonial place names. The "Holy Wind-Spirit of the West" referred is a name used for Widya among Tarwah people, as most Tarwah Kunwidya adhrents have a unique custom (borrowed from the traditional ''Barigan'' religion of the Bhala) of avoiding mentioning Widya by name. The term ''Tarwah'', currently used to refer to the overall region of former Tarwah Empire territories or the empire itself, was previously the name of the Teunggulgam River before it was officially changed by the Tarwah Union in [X date].

==History==
===Five Kingdoms===

===First Tarwa Empire===

===Second Tarwa Empire===

==Geography==

===Geology===

===Climate===

===Biodiversity===

==Politics==

===Government===

===States===
The Tarwah Union is split into three autonomous states: Khajjiyawwa, Charagulgun, and Seunggun. Each state has its own internal government carried over from pre-unionization; Khajjiyawwa has its triumvirate government – the Khajjiya – with a chosen Khajjiya member acting as a representative, while Charagulgun and Seunggun retain their traditional monarchies.

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Economy==

===Transport===

===Energy===

===Science and technology===

===Tourism===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
There are four main indigenous ethnic groups recognized by the Tarwah Union; Bhala, Thaasi, [[Mbaay Kuyy]], and Chejun, the Bhala being the most dominant among them. The Thaasi and Chejun are both prominent in Charagulgun, which they are native to. The Mbaay Kuyy are prominent in Seunggun and northern areas of Khajjiyawwa. The Tarwah Union also officially recognizes ''tuwkhëy'' - mixed people of any two Tarwah ethnic groups.

===Language===

===Education===

===Healthcare===

===Religion===

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Khobeh

2025-03-04T00:38:06Z

Thae: /* Music */

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = National seal 
|national_motto = ''Àgbà Yū'' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]) <div style="text-align: center;">[The] Kingdom Stands</div> 
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|royal_anthem = 
|other_symbol_type = 
|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
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|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
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|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] 
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|regional_languages = [[Hlong language|Hlong]] [[Gara language|Gara]] [[Nganka language|Nganka]] 
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|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

|leader_title6 = 
|leader_name6 =
|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
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|lower_house = 
|sovereignty_type = 
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|established_event1 = 
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|established_date2 = 

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}}

==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===
Khobeh under [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] (2727-2750 CY) marked a transformative era in the early history of the nation. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] brought about many reforms politically and culturally, most significant of which was the establishment of a new Sakhāndizų council resembling that of the Bosso Empire. This newer Sakhāndizų would evolve into the modern-day Royal Assembly. This council, like that of Bosso, was a bicameral council bringing together all the traditional clan leaders of the land with appointed officials. Unlike Bosso however, traditional clan rulers along with the dynastic rulers of the Confederation were put together in one body of the council, while the other consisted of 15 officials, all of which were traditional priests. Alongside the new political model was also reduced provincial autonomy, as the seperate militias of Confederation-era rulers were now conglomerated into a central Khobehi army under direct rule of [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]]. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]] also promoted a restoration of Bosso culture in Khobeh, fostering a cultural movement known as ''Waga Agba'' ("to return and retrieve") which centered around revitalizing and modernizing past traditions. Despite the Nyamu centrism of the time period, Waga Agba also resonated with Hlong peoples as it called to traditions and customs present in both Nyamu and Hlong culture.

===Involvement in Copper War===

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. Aku Biakor has historically dominated the country for centuries, as many of Khobeh's former leaders were professed Aku Biakor adherents. The ''Kɔgɔ Ilā'', the largest temple in the country and seat of the religious head (the ''Jų̄ Asìla'') is in [[Kashinkhor]]. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly also practiced Aku Biakor. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Aku Sakhakharun is the more popular sect in rural areas as what many rural Khobehis believe is a more authentic counterpart to Aku Biakor. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. How the average Khobehi enjoys music is largely dependent on class and area; rural Khobehi often enjoy music from traditional bards who play in village squares, while Khobehi in urban areas often go to dance halls (''njanja'') where bands play ''njanja'' music. Njanja music, however, does not have the same popularity among wealthier Khobehi people, many of which find the genre to be crude. Instead, many go to auditoriums or polished ''njanja wukha'' ('glass njanja') where bands play imported [[Hashdezi Empire|Hashdezi]] genres, or enjoy imported music at home from a gramophone.

The most prominent music of Khobeh and neighboring nations is ''giranyia'', a genre focusing on the ''gira'' string instrument. Giranyia is named after the large orchestras of gira players (of the same name) who play this music in public areas. Historically, any music involving the gira was associated with rural life, but in the 4590s CY rural gira players began flocking to busy cities in large groups to play at njanjas. These groups eventually piqued the interest of former Mbolu Búlà Jufelàkalà [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]], who sponsored them to play at auditoriums internationally. Due to these circumstances, giranyia is the only genre in Khobeh that enjoys equal popularity from both rural and urban life of all classes.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Khobeh

2025-02-27T12:27:04Z

Thae: /* Music */

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
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|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
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|symbol_type = National seal 
|national_motto = ''Àgbà Yū'' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]) <div style="text-align: center;">[The] Kingdom Stands</div> 
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|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
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|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] 
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|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

|leader_title6 = 
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|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
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}}

==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===
Khobeh under [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] (2727-2750 CY) marked a transformative era in the early history of the nation. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] brought about many reforms politically and culturally, most significant of which was the establishment of a new Sakhāndizų council resembling that of the Bosso Empire. This newer Sakhāndizų would evolve into the modern-day Royal Assembly. This council, like that of Bosso, was a bicameral council bringing together all the traditional clan leaders of the land with appointed officials. Unlike Bosso however, traditional clan rulers along with the dynastic rulers of the Confederation were put together in one body of the council, while the other consisted of 15 officials, all of which were traditional priests. Alongside the new political model was also reduced provincial autonomy, as the seperate militias of Confederation-era rulers were now conglomerated into a central Khobehi army under direct rule of [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]]. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]] also promoted a restoration of Bosso culture in Khobeh, fostering a cultural movement known as ''Waga Agba'' ("to return and retrieve") which centered around revitalizing and modernizing past traditions. Despite the Nyamu centrism of the time period, Waga Agba also resonated with Hlong peoples as it called to traditions and customs present in both Nyamu and Hlong culture.

===Involvement in Copper War===

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. Aku Biakor has historically dominated the country for centuries, as many of Khobeh's former leaders were professed Aku Biakor adherents. The ''Kɔgɔ Ilā'', the largest temple in the country and seat of the religious head (the ''Jų̄ Asìla'') is in [[Kashinkhor]]. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly also practiced Aku Biakor. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Aku Sakhakharun is the more popular sect in rural areas as what many rural Khobehis believe is a more authentic counterpart to Aku Biakor. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. How the average Khobehi enjoys music is largely dependent on class and area; rural Khobehi often enjoy music from traditional bards who play in village squares, while Khobehi in urban areas often go to dance halls (''njanja'') where bands play ''njanja'' music. Njanja music, however, does not have the same popularity among wealthier Khobehi people, many of which find the genre to be crude. Instead, many go to auditoriums or polished ''njanja wukha'' ('glass njanja') where bands play imported Hashdezi genres, or enjoy imported music at home from a gramophone.

The most prominent music of Khobeh and neighboring nations is ''giranyia'', a genre focusing on the ''gira'' string instrument. Giranyia is named after the large orchestras of gira players (of the same name) who play this music in public areas. Historically, any music involving the gira was associated with rural life, but in the 4590s CY rural gira players began flocking to busy cities in large groups to play at njanjas. These groups eventually piqued the interest of former Mbolu Búlà Jufelàkalà [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]], who sponsored them to play at auditoriums internationally. Due to these circumstances, giranyia is the only genre in Khobeh that enjoys equal popularity from both rural and urban life of all classes.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T09:39:26Z

Thae:

{{Infobox religion
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Aku Biakor
| native_name = Akų Bìakɔ
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| imagewidth =
| alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| type = [[Wikipedia:Universal religion|Universal religion]]
| main_classification =
| orientation =
| scripture = [[Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la]]
| theology = Pantheistic
|leader_title=Leader (Jų̄ Asìla)|leader_name=Asìla Yajadàŋa Gbèŋkùrù Yajā (4615 CY—)| area =
| language =[[Bosso language|Bosso]], [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| liturgy =
| headquarters =
| territory =
| possessions =
| founder = [[Shuya Gburun Jubiakor]]
| founded_date = 32nd cent. CY
| founded_place = [[Khobeh]]
| separated_from = [[Aku Kwabolu]]
| members = 
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
}}

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''akia'', while adherents call each other ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being the traditional distant entity, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's transcribed teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically recited to Shuya for him to transcribe.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Gbèla'''
|'beginning Ifą̀'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Matiwu'''
|'Ifą̀ of realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Ñanda Yajāwu'''
|'Ifą̀ on Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Njų̀lųla'''
|'Ifą̀ of stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
Aku Biakor also has a secondary text, the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'', a much shorter compendium of Shuya's own writings detailing the Akianyia's early history and its practices. Unlike the Guduri, using the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'' in worship is prohibited.

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T09:37:33Z

Thae:

{{Infobox religion
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Aku Biakor
| native_name = Akų Bìakɔ
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| imagewidth =
| alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| type = [[Wikipedia:Universal religion|Universal religion]]
| main_classification =
| orientation =
| scripture = [[Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la]]
| theology = Pantheistic
|leader_title=Leader (Jų̄ Asìla)|leader_name=Asìla Dàŋakùlà Gbèŋkùrù-Gujaŋkųla Yajā (4615 CY—)| area =
| language =[[Bosso language|Bosso]], [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| liturgy =
| headquarters =
| territory =
| possessions =
| founder = [[Shuya Gburun Jubiakor]]
| founded_date = 32nd cent. CY
| founded_place = [[Khobeh]]
| separated_from = [[Aku Kwabolu]]
| members = 
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
}}

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''akia'', while adherents call each other ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being the traditional distant entity, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's transcribed teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically recited to Shuya for him to transcribe.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Gbèla'''
|'beginning Ifą̀'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Matiwu'''
|'Ifą̀ of realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Ñanda Yajāwu'''
|'Ifą̀ on Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|'''Ifą̀ Njų̀lųla'''
|'Ifą̀ of stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
Aku Biakor also has a secondary text, the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'', a much shorter compendium of Shuya's own writings detailing the Akianyia's early history and its practices. Unlike the Guduri, using the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'' in worship is prohibited.

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T06:51:34Z

Thae:

{{Infobox religion
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Aku Biakor
| native_name = Akų Bìakɔ
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| imagewidth =
| alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| type = [[Wikipedia:Universal religion|Universal religion]]
| main_classification =
| orientation =
| scripture = [[Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la]]
| theology = Pantheistic
|leader_title=Leader (Jų̄ Asìla)|leader_name=Asìla Dàŋakùlà Gbèŋkùrù-Gujaŋkųla Yajā (4615 CY—)| area =
| language =[[Bosso language|Bosso]], [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| liturgy =
| headquarters =
| territory =
| possessions =
| founder = [[Shuya Gburun Jubiakor]]
| founded_date = 32nd cent. CY
| founded_place = [[Khobeh]]
| separated_from = [[Aku Kwabolu]]
| members = 
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
}}

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''akia'', while adherents call each other ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being the traditional distant entity, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's transcribed teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically recited to Shuya for him to transcribe.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|
|'Beginning'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|
|'our World and Realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|
|'Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|
|'Stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
Aku Biakor also has a secondary text, the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'', a much shorter compendium of Shuya's own writings detailing the Akianyia's early history and its practices. Unlike the Guduri, using the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'' in worship is prohibited.

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T06:51:05Z

Thae:

{{Infobox religion
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Aku Biakor
| native_name = Akų Bìakɔ
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| imagewidth =
| alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| type = [[Wikipedia:Universal religion|Universal religion]]
| main_classification =
| orientation =
| scripture = [[Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la]]
| theology = Pantheistic
|leader_title=Leader (Jų̄ Asìla)|leader_name=Asìla Dàŋakùlà Gbèŋkùrù-Gujaŋkųla Yajā (4615—)| area =
| language =[[Bosso language|Bosso]], [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| liturgy =
| headquarters =
| territory =
| possessions =
| founder = [[Shuya Gburun Jubiakor]]
| founded_date = 32nd cent. CY
| founded_place = [[Khobeh]]
| separated_from = [[Aku Kwabolu]]
| members = 
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
}}

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''akia'', while adherents call each other ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being the traditional distant entity, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's transcribed teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically recited to Shuya for him to transcribe.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|
|'Beginning'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|
|'our World and Realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|
|'Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|
|'Stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
Aku Biakor also has a secondary text, the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'', a much shorter compendium of Shuya's own writings detailing the Akianyia's early history and its practices. Unlike the Guduri, using the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'' in worship is prohibited.

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T06:40:12Z

Thae:

{{Infobox religion
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Aku Biakor
| native_name = Akų Bìakɔ
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| imagewidth =
| alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| type = [[Wikipedia:Universal religion|Universal religion]]
| main_classification =
| orientation =
| scripture = [[Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la]]
| theology = Pantheistic
| area =
| language =[[Bosso language|Bosso]], [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| liturgy =
| headquarters =
| territory =
| possessions =
| founder = [[Shuya Gburun Jubiakor]]
| founded_date = 32nd cent. CY
| founded_place = [[Khobeh]]
| separated_from = [[Aku Kwabolu]]
| members = 
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
}}

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''akia'', while adherents call each other ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being the traditional distant entity, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's transcribed teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically recited to Shuya for him to transcribe.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|
|'Beginning'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|
|'our World and Realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|
|'Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|
|'Stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}
Aku Biakor also has a secondary text, the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'', a much shorter compendium of Shuya's own writings detailing the Akianyia's early history and its practices. Unlike the Guduri, using the ''Ifą̀ Akųyañayamala'' in worship is prohibited.

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T04:33:09Z

Thae:

{{Infobox religion
| icon =
| icon_width =
| icon_alt =
| name = Aku Biakor
| native_name = Akų Bìakɔ
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| imagewidth =
| alt =
| caption =
| abbreviation =
| type = [[Wikipedia:Universal religion|Universal religion]]
| main_classification =
| orientation =
| scripture = [[Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la]]
| theology = Pantheistic
| area =
| language =
| liturgy =
| headquarters =
| territory =
| possessions =
| founder = [[Shuya Gburun Jubiakor]]
| founded_date = 32nd cent. CY
| founded_place = [[Khobeh]]
| separated_from = [[Aku Kwabolu]]
| members = 
| ministers_type =
| ministers =
| missionaries =
| churches =
}}

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being a distant entity in the traditional sense, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically gave near public shrines in the town of Burunkror (modern day Bhunkhor, Khobeh).
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|
|'Beginning'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|
|'our World and Realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|
|'Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|
|'Stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}

Aku Biakor

2025-02-27T02:56:10Z

Thae: Created page with "'''Aku Biakor''' is an Aku Kwabolu offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a..."

'''Aku Biakor''' is an [[Aku Kwabolu]] offshoot religion founded by Shuya Gburun Jubiakor in the 32nd century CY. The religion centers around the teachings of Nyamu thinker Sakha Biakor as detailed in ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), a compilation of Biakor's teachings curated by the religion's founder. Adherents of Aku Biakor are called ''nabu'' ("piece" or "body part", noting that the believer is a part of Yajā Àṣìakɔ's eternal body), and the larger Aku Biakor church as a mass is called the Akianyia. Aku Biakor is the largest Aku Kwabolu offshoot and the most prominent religion in the eastern Nkungu area, playing a major role in its collective history and culture, especially that of its origin [[Khobeh]]. The Ndizu Jų̄ru is the central governing body of the Akianyia, of which the Jų̄ Asìla is the head. The Akianyia primarily believes that Yajā Àṣìakɔ, instead of being a distant entity in the traditional sense, is actually the essence of all existence. Every god, spirit, and realm is believed to be the manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ.

== The Guduri ==
The ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' (simply Guduri) is a six-part compilation of Sakha Biakor's teachings as curated by founder Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, which serves as the central text of Aku Biakor. The Guduri has six ''ifą̀'', each of which have seperate chapters (''ifą̄̀jų''), which consist of individual verses (''ñàkų''). Each ''ifą̀'' is a sermon (or two spliced together) which Sakha Biakor historically gave near public shrines in the town of Burunkror (modern day Bhunkhor, Khobeh).
{| class="wikitable"
|+Books of the Guduri
!Bosso title
!Translation
!Summary
|-
|
|'Beginning'
|Shortest ''ifą̀'' in the entire Guduri, only containing 4 ''ñàkų''. A short prayer which Sakha Biakor often recited before his sermons.
|-
|
|'our World and Realms'
|Explains Aku Biakor cosmology and spiritual belief
|-
|
|'Man and Yaja'
|Social commentary, the foundation of Aku Biakor social doctrine
|-
|
|'Stories'
|Two extensive religious fables joined together in one ''ifą̀''
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|}

Aku Kwabolu

2025-02-26T12:20:27Z

Thae: /* Aku Biakor */

{{Aku Kwabolu}}

'''Aku Kwabolu''' ([[Bosso language|Bosso]]: ''Akų Kwàbṑlu'' /ˈákʊ̃́ kwàˈbòːlú/ "traditional belief") are the polytheistic beliefs of the Bosso-descended peoples of eastern Nkungu. Aku Kwabolu was previously an ethnic religion practiced exclusively among the ancient Bosso people, but after the emergence of the Nyamu and Hlong peoples of modern Khobeh, seperate ethnoreligious sects eventually came about, with both Nyamu and Hlong people having their respective rituals and traditions according to their sect. By the 32nd century CY, several other offshoots arose from orthodoxical differences brought about by traditional philosophers such as [[Sakha Biakor]], opposing the orthopractic ritualism of before. Although the number of sects and offshoots (referred to as ''ajų'') branching from Aku Kwabolu are many, they all are still recognized as Aku Kwabolu due to their homogeneity in deities and cosmology. In the current era, Aku Kwabolu is the most predominant religion practiced in the eastern Nkungu area, including non-Bossoid adherents.

== Deities and beliefs ==
Aku Kwabolu theology centers around the creator god Yajā Àṣìakɔ and the existence of seven different spiritual realms (''mati''):

* '''Yajāmati''', a spacious and barren realm wherein Yajā Àṣìakɔ resides in solitude
* '''Kɔmati''', the realm where all other gods below Yajā reside
* '''Fewimati''', the realm of mortal beings
* '''Ṣuamati Ñąrų''', the realm of dead human spirits, directly governed by twin death god ''Ɛ̀ri''
* '''Ṣuamati Bų̄̀rų''', the realm of dead animal spirits and other entities, directly governed by twin death god ''Òri''
* '''Kɔ̀ndumati''', the realm of evil spirits and demons
* '''Wāwāti''', a realm of eternal darkness not overseen by Yajā Àṣìakɔ (the existence of which is debated among different ''ajų'')

Entities from each realm are capable of influencing entities of any of the other realms either directly or indirectly. Each realm, except Yajāmati and Wāwāti, have respective hierarchies of the entities that exist within them, all of which constitute the Eternal Hierarchy. While in the spiritual realms like Kɔmati and the Ṣuamati realms, the Eternal Hierarchy exists in the form of spiritual tiers, in the Fewimati realm, the hierarchy exists in the form of religiously enforced castes.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Aku Kwabolu Deities
!Bosso name
!Nyamu name
!Hlong name
!Purpose & Association
!Tier
|-
|'''Yajā Àṣàyąkɔ'''
|Yaja Àṣìakɔ
|Yajàṣìaku
|Ultimate creator and overseer of the seven realms
|style="width: 7%; text-align:center"| Yajā
|-
|'''Nsangbą'''
|Nsangba
|Sangba, Saba
|Guardian of Fewimati and creator of human life, often associated with light
|style="width: 7%; text-align:center" rowspan="4" |Ìsi
|-
|'''Biṣà'''
|Biṣà
|Biṣà
|Divine messenger of Kɔmati, often consulted in prayer to either request intercession, or to receive signs from a deity; patron god of speech and traditional poetry
|-
|'''Ɛ̀ri i Òri'''
|Ɛ̀ri i Òri
|Ɛ̀l i Òl
|Twin gods of death, guardians of the Ṣuamati realms, with Ɛ̀ri governing Ṣuamati Ñąrų and Òri governing Ṣuamati Bų̄̀rų
|-
|'''Ɔ̀gbɛĺɛ'''
|Ɔ̀gbɛṣɛ
|Bɛĺɛ
|Leader of all evil spirits (''kɔ̀ndu''), guardian of Kɔ̀ndumati
|-
|'''Yṑru'''
|Yū̀ru
|Yū̀l
|Solar deity, firstborn son of Nsangba
|style="width: 7%; text-align:center" rowspan="4" |Awu
|-
|'''Caya'''
|Cia
|Cay
|Lunar deity, secondborn son of Nsangba
|-
|'''Ikhà'''
|Ikhà
|Ihà
|Goddess of water and rain, mother of river spirits; thirdborn daughter of Nsangba
|-
|'''Fakoro'''
|Fakoru
|Fakul
|God of land, vegetation, and guardian of humanity; fourthborn son of Nsangba. Some sects associate Fakoro with being the guardian of a certain ethnic group or Bossoid peoples instead of humanity at large.
|-
|'''Umɔ̀nɔ̀'''
|Umɔ̀nɔ̀
|Mun
|Demigod associated with fire, war, and political power. Often consulted in traditional crowning ceremonies, the death of a leader, or during wartime.
|style="width: 7%; text-align:center" rowspan="3" |Mbe-awu
|-
|'''Kàṣi Jufakoro'''
|Kàṣi Jufakoro
|Kàṣ Jufakul
|Demigod of wisdom and oral tradition, son of Fakoro; also often associated with being the guardian of an ethnic group
|-
|'''Sunkudi'''
|Sunkudi
|Sunkuri
|Demigod of healing and medicine
|}

== Sects and offshoots (''Ajų'') ==

=== Aku Biakor ===
[[Aku Biakor]] is the first independently founded ''ajų'', founded in the 32nd century CY, seperate from the prominent ethnoreligious Nyamu and Hlong sects of the time period. The beliefs of the sect is based on the writings of Sakha Biakor, namely ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'' ("[the] explanations/teachings of his divine understandings"), which is a collection of the six books Aku Biakor wrote on his theories and realizations on Aku Kwabolu cosmology. The sect is noted for its pantheistic doctrine, teaching that the various Aku Kwabolu gods and spirits are all "faces" of Yajā Àṣìakɔ, and the entire Seven Realms and the Eternal Hierarchy in of themselves are manifestations of Yajā Àṣìakɔ. Though the sect is primarily based on Sakha Biakor's teachings, the sect itself was not founded by Sakha Biakor directly but rather Shuya Gburun Jubiakor, who was a close friend of Sakha Biakor. Within the sect, little is known about Sakha Biakor's life other than what is detailed in Shuya Jubiakor's own writings, though Shuya's writings are not sacred.

=== Aku Furkoyian ===
Aku Furkoyian arose after a schism among the Aku Biakor clergy circa 3857 CY, and was founded by former Aku Biakor priest [[Furkoyian of Kalankhor]]. The religion is very similar to Aku Biakor, as its doctrine is also based on ''Guduri Jàŋųrų Mōkṑrų Kų̀la'', paired with Furkoyian's teachings as comprised in the ''Guduri Mōkṑwi Fùrkɔ̀yąla''. The main doctrines of the religion include the belief that the traditional Bosso caste system is sacred as it is also a manifestation of Yajā Àṣìakɔ like the [[Seven Realms]] and the [[Eternal Hierarchy]], and that the eternal fire kept within Aku Kwabolu temples is the direct presence of Yajā Àṣìakɔ as it assumes a visible form to commune with human beings. Due to the first Aku Furkoyian temple being built in Kalankhor (modern-day [[Lakkor]], [[Afa]]), the ''ajų'' has a large presence in southern Afa especially among Nganka populations.

=== Aku Sakhakharun ===
Aku Sakhakharun is an ''ajų'' founded by [[Sakha Ndakari-Wodami]] in 4558 CY. The traditionalist ''ajų'' focuses on keeping true to the Aku Kwabolu practiced before the rise of sects during the 32nd and 38th centuries CY. Aku Sakhakharun centers around venerating the gods, local spirits, and ancestor spirits rather than Yajā Àṣìakɔ. In Aka Sakhakharun, Yajā Àṣìakɔ is a distant being that does not commune with beings outside of Yajāmati, but rather sends forth the gods (who are created by it, rather than being part of it) to act on its behalf, and Biṣà to interact with human beings on behalf of the gods. For this reason, prayer is exclusive to Biṣà as the ''ajų'' believes that Biṣà is the only deity that will intercede. Keeping true to traditionalist ideals, Aku Sakhakharun does not have any main religious texts, but rather bases its doctrine on oral tradition and ritual recitations. The ''ajų'' regards ritual recitation as a sacred act and detrimental to being in good standing with the gods.
[[Category:Religions]]

Bomakwodor

2025-02-21T13:39:41Z

Thae: /* Emergence of the Borlo Elite */

'''Bomakwodor''' (Dzuma: ''Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' /ˈbòmákwɔ́dɔ́/) is a country located in southeastern [[Nkungu]], bordering [[Afa]] to the west. {{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Unified Dzuma Kingdom of Bomakwodor 
|native_name = ''má Dzṹmánàkɔ́ Déyí Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' {{small|([[Dzuma language|Dzuma]])}} 
|common_name = Bomakwodor 
|image_flag = Bomakwodor_flag.png 
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|capital = [[Bayingan]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
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|languages_sub = 
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|demonym = Bomakwodoni 
|government_type = Unitary theocratic absolute monarchy
|leader_title1 = King
|leader_name1 = [[Bayin Kabo|Ozodagbalemi Bayin Kabo]]
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|religion=[[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]]}}

==Etymology==
The name Bomakwodor comes from the words "''bòmá kwɔ́dɔ́''" in Dzuma, meaning "tall barrier".

==History==
===Early Bomakwodor===
Before the founding of the kingdom, the southeastern Nkungu area was predominantly populated by Dzuma people in city-states scattered throughout the area. Most of these Dzuma city-states were eventually invaded and conquered by the Bosso Empire under Mbɔ̀lų̀ Akpàlą̀kɔwu II. The southeastern region remained entirely under Bosso rule until the secession of Ekpenku in 2107 CY. After the collapse of Ekpenku, the old city-states began to reemerge and eventually form small confederations. Bomakwodor then was the largest of four states within a small confederation on the coast of eastern Nkungu. During the 33rd century CY, the legendary chief of the Bomakwodor city-state, [[Jaa Abodaleh Odzundileh]], with his army – exonymously called the ''Okemforleh-nleh'' – had formed a large network of city-states from which he extorted tribute, therefore forming a large informal tribute empire.

Jaa Abodaleh's tribute empire, however, came to an end a decade later during the Bomakwodor Raid in 3352, wherein twelve of the many city-states subjugated under Jaa Abodaleh banded together to assassinate him and pillage Bomakwodor. Days after the raid, the chiefs of these city-states all congregated in Ndzoh, deciding to unite as one constitutional elective kingdom under the name Deyinakor. Jaa Karakoroh Londekpor of Mbeteh was elected amongst themselves as the first king.

=== Deyinakor ===
civil wars n shi, eventually becomes centralized at some point

=== Emergence of the Borlo Elite ===
Circa the 4570s CY, seeing potential for economic growth in tourism, the Deyinakor government founded an association named ''Ade Badunse'' (''Àdé Bàdũ̀sé'', "bàdũ̀sé" meaning "bringing attention") aiming to attract visitors to the country and to improve Deyinakor's global presence. Ade Badunse attempted to attain this by commissioning various giant statues and decorated folly buildings (''baayagisa'') and also organizing large scale cultural events. Ade Badunse saw moderate success within Nkungu, but failed globally, not only being overshadowed by Khobeh, but also due to perception as being weaker and less developed. This meant that most foreign tourists coming into the country were from its immediate Nyamu-majority neighbors [[Khobeh]] and [[Afa]]. As Deyinakor saw an influx of Khobehi and Afa tourists, it also captured the attention of Nyamu businessmen from both countries. These entrepreneurs, who were already powerful in their respective nations, began to set their eyes on Deyinakor as an opportunity for expansion. To the Dzuma public, these foreign businessmen were known as ''bɔ̀lóó'' (from the Dzuma term ''bà ɔ̀lóó'' "money man").

Initially, the Nyamu investors operated within conventional business practices, purchasing land and investing in industries like textiles, transportation, and local markets. However, over time, a smaller group of these investors began to take a more aggressive approach by strategically monopolizing entire sectors of Deyinakor's economy. Through this, the group began to surpass Dzuma elites and eventually become the wealthiest people in the nation, earning them the nickname "Borlo Elite" (''Ìláyìlá Bɔ̀lóó nlɛ̀'') among Deyinakor peoples. By the 4590s CY the Borlo Elite consolidated their economic influence, they began to leverage this to also exert political influence. They began to influence local governance, taxation policies, and trade. The Elite even began to establish militias to protect its properties and members. The Deyinakor government however, while aware of their presence, did not take much action against the Borlo Elite despite vocal opposition from the people. This became the final straw for the Deyinakor public, inciting a long period of political unrest. The public's aversion to the Elite also lead to the rapid rise of Dzuma nationalism in Deyinakor, spawning various anti-establishment nationalist groups throughout the country, most prominent of them being the Gongor Eke.

===Coup of 4606===
After over a thousand years of Deyinakor's existence as a nation, Deyinakor's leadership was overthrown by the Dzuma nationalist [[Bayin Kabo|Gongor Eke]] movement in 4606 CY led by [[Bayin Kabo]]. Upon previous leader [[Jaa Afunyanin Ngomban]]'s forced exile, Bayin Kabo declared that the nation would be officially called Bomakwodor in honor of [[Jaa Abodaleh]], an idol figure within the Gongor Eke.

===Afa-Bomakwodoni War===
Under Bayin Kabo's authority, the Gongor Eke started carrying out campaigns in 4608 CY to eliminate the entire non-Dzuma population living in Bomakwodor. Many of these campaigns involved forcibly displacing people that were either known to be or were under suspicion of being non-Dzuma and moving them to slums near the border like [[Sheboshebo]], or putting individuals at sea on small canoes. The widespread displacement and oppression of non-Dzumas in Bomakwodor shortly caused a massive influx of refugees in [[Afa]], and to a lesser extent [[Khobeh]]. After the Afa government acknowledged that the influx in undocumented refugees landing on Afa's southern coasts was due to the Gongor Eke forcing Bomakwodoni citizens out of the country, king Ndunga Mbàdi of Afa reportedly sent a letter to Bayin Kabo requesting that the Gongor Eke does not direct exiles westward into Afa, explicitly stating in the letter that Afa "wants nothing to do with" Bomakwodoni exiles. Bayin Kabo did not reply to the letter, and the Gongor Eke campaigns against non-Dzumas continued in the same fashion, leading to more refugees on Afa's coasts.

After seeing that Ndunga Mbàdi's letter was neglected, Afa and Bomakwodor started having minor skirmishes throughout their shared border for several years onward. After one conflict in 4614 CY wherein Afa military crossed the Bomakwodor border and onto the Sheboshebo slum, Bayin Kabo officially declared war against Afa. The Gongor Eke's forced exiling of minorities has not ceased since, and the Afa-Bomakwodoni war is still ongoing.

==Politics==

===Government===

===Administrative divisions===

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Dzuma people are the indigenous and primary ethnic group of Bomakwodor, as the official name of Bomakwodor notes that the country is a "Dzuma nation" (''Dzṹmánàkɔ́''). Despite the country being primarily Dzuma, diasporas of Nyamu, Nganka, and Bhala people have existed in Bomakwodor since before its founding. Before the 4606 coup, non-Dzuma peoples in Deyinakor comprised a large segment of the upper class, as they were often wealthy immigrants from Khobeh or Afa either seeking business or fleeing political instability. Under [[Bayin Kabo]]'s reign, the diasporas have significantly decreased in population due to oppression and forced exile by the Gongor Eke.

===Language===
The official language of Bomakwodor is [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]], as it is also the majority language of the nation. Most, if not all, citizens of Bomakwodor are either fully fluent or semi-fluent (in the cases of non-Dzuma residents) in the Dzuma language. Although Dzuma is the main language of Bomakwodor, there are also a number of local varieties of Dzuma spoken throughout different areas of the country. These local varieties are either regional dialects spoken in a certain area (i.e Gaanin, named after the town of Gaanin) or belonging to a specific Dzuma subgroup (i.e Bandapor, exclusive to the Bandapor people of eastern Bomakwodor). The standard Dzuma dialect, which is regulated by the [[Nganlokor Council of Language and Literature|NCLL]], is based on the local dialect of Bayingan (known as the Ndzoh dialect among speakers).

===Religion===
The Bomakwodoni government officially recognizes [[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]] as the national religion. Boyinmi-Ghan blends the traditional beliefs of the Dzuma religion with the ideals of Bayin Kabo and the Gongor Eke. While majority of Bomakwodoni practice the traditional religion itself, adherents of Boyinmi-Ghan are a minority in the country. There was a small minority of [[Aku Kwabolu]] adherents in Bomakwodor (including that of the [[Foluwa Temple]]) before the 4608 CY Gongor Eke campaigns, which rendered anyone who practiced a religion that wasn't Boyinmi-Ghan or the traditional religion – regardless of actually being Dzuma or not – at risk of being forcibly exiled. Adherents of illegal religions who have not either emigrated or been forced into exile are forced to keep their religious matters private.

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Bomakwodor

2025-02-21T13:38:02Z

Thae: /* Emergence of the Borlo Elite */

'''Bomakwodor''' (Dzuma: ''Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' /ˈbòmákwɔ́dɔ́/) is a country located in southeastern [[Nkungu]], bordering [[Afa]] to the west. {{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Unified Dzuma Kingdom of Bomakwodor 
|native_name = ''má Dzṹmánàkɔ́ Déyí Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' {{small|([[Dzuma language|Dzuma]])}} 
|common_name = Bomakwodor 
|image_flag = Bomakwodor_flag.png 
|alt_flag = 
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|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = 
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|symbol_type = 
|national_motto = X 
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|capital = [[Bayingan]] 
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|official_languages = [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]] 
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|languages_sub = 
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|demonym = Bomakwodoni 
|government_type = Unitary theocratic absolute monarchy
|leader_title1 = King
|leader_name1 = [[Bayin Kabo|Ozodagbalemi Bayin Kabo]]
|leader_title2 =
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|footnote_h = 
|footnotes = 
|patron_saint =
|religion=[[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]]}}

==Etymology==
The name Bomakwodor comes from the words "''bòmá kwɔ́dɔ́''" in Dzuma, meaning "tall barrier".

==History==
===Early Bomakwodor===
Before the founding of the kingdom, the southeastern Nkungu area was predominantly populated by Dzuma people in city-states scattered throughout the area. Most of these Dzuma city-states were eventually invaded and conquered by the Bosso Empire under Mbɔ̀lų̀ Akpàlą̀kɔwu II. The southeastern region remained entirely under Bosso rule until the secession of Ekpenku in 2107 CY. After the collapse of Ekpenku, the old city-states began to reemerge and eventually form small confederations. Bomakwodor then was the largest of four states within a small confederation on the coast of eastern Nkungu. During the 33rd century CY, the legendary chief of the Bomakwodor city-state, [[Jaa Abodaleh Odzundileh]], with his army – exonymously called the ''Okemforleh-nleh'' – had formed a large network of city-states from which he extorted tribute, therefore forming a large informal tribute empire.

Jaa Abodaleh's tribute empire, however, came to an end a decade later during the Bomakwodor Raid in 3352, wherein twelve of the many city-states subjugated under Jaa Abodaleh banded together to assassinate him and pillage Bomakwodor. Days after the raid, the chiefs of these city-states all congregated in Ndzoh, deciding to unite as one constitutional elective kingdom under the name Deyinakor. Jaa Karakoroh Londekpor of Mbeteh was elected amongst themselves as the first king.

=== Deyinakor ===
civil wars n shi, eventually becomes centralized at some point

=== Emergence of the Borlo Elite ===
Circa the 4570s CY, seeing potential for economic growth in tourism, the Deyinakor government founded an association named ''Ade Badunse'' (''Àdé Bàdũ̀sé'', "bàdũ̀sé" meaning "bringing attention") aiming to attract visitors to the country and to improve Deyinakor's global presence. Ade Badunse attempted to attain this by commissioning various giant statues and decorated folly buildings (''baayagisa'') and also organizing large scale cultural events. Ade Badunse saw moderate success within Nkungu, but failed globally, not only being overshadowed by Khobeh, but also due to perception as being weaker and less developed. This meant that most foreign tourists coming into the country were from its immediate Nyamu-majority neighbors [[Khobeh]] and [[Afa]]. As Deyinakor saw an influx of Khobehi and Afa tourists, it also captured the attention of Nyamu businessmen from both countries. These entrepreneurs, who were already powerful in their respective nations, began to set their eyes on Deyinakor as an opportunity for expansion. To the Dzuma public, these foreign businessmen were known as ''bɔ̀lóó'' (from the Dzuma term ''bà ɔ̀lóó'' "money man").

Initially, the Nyamu investors operated within conventional business practices, purchasing land and investing in industries like textiles, transportation, and local markets. However, over time, a smaller group of these investors began to take a more aggressive approach by strategically monopolizing entire sectors of Deyinakor's economy. Through this, the group began to surpass Dzuma elites and eventually become the wealthiest people in the nation, earning them the nickname "Borlo Elite" (''Ìláyìlá Bɔ̀lóó nlɛ̀'') among Deyinakor peoples. By the 4580s CY the Borlo Elite consolidated their economic influence, they began to leverage this to also exert political influence. They began to influence local governance, taxation policies, and trade. The Elite even began to establish militias to protect its properties and members. The Deyinakor government however, while aware of their presence, did not take much action against the Borlo Elite despite vocal opposition from the people. This became the final straw for the Deyinakor public, inciting a long period of political unrest. The public's aversion to the Elite also lead to the rapid rise of Dzuma nationalism in Deyinakor, spawning various anti-establishment nationalist groups throughout the country, most prominent of them being the Gongor Eke.

===Coup of 4606===
After over a thousand years of Deyinakor's existence as a nation, Deyinakor's leadership was overthrown by the Dzuma nationalist [[Bayin Kabo|Gongor Eke]] movement in 4606 CY led by [[Bayin Kabo]]. Upon previous leader [[Jaa Afunyanin Ngomban]]'s forced exile, Bayin Kabo declared that the nation would be officially called Bomakwodor in honor of [[Jaa Abodaleh]], an idol figure within the Gongor Eke.

===Afa-Bomakwodoni War===
Under Bayin Kabo's authority, the Gongor Eke started carrying out campaigns in 4608 CY to eliminate the entire non-Dzuma population living in Bomakwodor. Many of these campaigns involved forcibly displacing people that were either known to be or were under suspicion of being non-Dzuma and moving them to slums near the border like [[Sheboshebo]], or putting individuals at sea on small canoes. The widespread displacement and oppression of non-Dzumas in Bomakwodor shortly caused a massive influx of refugees in [[Afa]], and to a lesser extent [[Khobeh]]. After the Afa government acknowledged that the influx in undocumented refugees landing on Afa's southern coasts was due to the Gongor Eke forcing Bomakwodoni citizens out of the country, king Ndunga Mbàdi of Afa reportedly sent a letter to Bayin Kabo requesting that the Gongor Eke does not direct exiles westward into Afa, explicitly stating in the letter that Afa "wants nothing to do with" Bomakwodoni exiles. Bayin Kabo did not reply to the letter, and the Gongor Eke campaigns against non-Dzumas continued in the same fashion, leading to more refugees on Afa's coasts.

After seeing that Ndunga Mbàdi's letter was neglected, Afa and Bomakwodor started having minor skirmishes throughout their shared border for several years onward. After one conflict in 4614 CY wherein Afa military crossed the Bomakwodor border and onto the Sheboshebo slum, Bayin Kabo officially declared war against Afa. The Gongor Eke's forced exiling of minorities has not ceased since, and the Afa-Bomakwodoni war is still ongoing.

==Politics==

===Government===

===Administrative divisions===

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Dzuma people are the indigenous and primary ethnic group of Bomakwodor, as the official name of Bomakwodor notes that the country is a "Dzuma nation" (''Dzṹmánàkɔ́''). Despite the country being primarily Dzuma, diasporas of Nyamu, Nganka, and Bhala people have existed in Bomakwodor since before its founding. Before the 4606 coup, non-Dzuma peoples in Deyinakor comprised a large segment of the upper class, as they were often wealthy immigrants from Khobeh or Afa either seeking business or fleeing political instability. Under [[Bayin Kabo]]'s reign, the diasporas have significantly decreased in population due to oppression and forced exile by the Gongor Eke.

===Language===
The official language of Bomakwodor is [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]], as it is also the majority language of the nation. Most, if not all, citizens of Bomakwodor are either fully fluent or semi-fluent (in the cases of non-Dzuma residents) in the Dzuma language. Although Dzuma is the main language of Bomakwodor, there are also a number of local varieties of Dzuma spoken throughout different areas of the country. These local varieties are either regional dialects spoken in a certain area (i.e Gaanin, named after the town of Gaanin) or belonging to a specific Dzuma subgroup (i.e Bandapor, exclusive to the Bandapor people of eastern Bomakwodor). The standard Dzuma dialect, which is regulated by the [[Nganlokor Council of Language and Literature|NCLL]], is based on the local dialect of Bayingan (known as the Ndzoh dialect among speakers).

===Religion===
The Bomakwodoni government officially recognizes [[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]] as the national religion. Boyinmi-Ghan blends the traditional beliefs of the Dzuma religion with the ideals of Bayin Kabo and the Gongor Eke. While majority of Bomakwodoni practice the traditional religion itself, adherents of Boyinmi-Ghan are a minority in the country. There was a small minority of [[Aku Kwabolu]] adherents in Bomakwodor (including that of the [[Foluwa Temple]]) before the 4608 CY Gongor Eke campaigns, which rendered anyone who practiced a religion that wasn't Boyinmi-Ghan or the traditional religion – regardless of actually being Dzuma or not – at risk of being forcibly exiled. Adherents of illegal religions who have not either emigrated or been forced into exile are forced to keep their religious matters private.

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Bomakwodor

2025-02-21T13:37:20Z

Thae:

'''Bomakwodor''' (Dzuma: ''Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' /ˈbòmákwɔ́dɔ́/) is a country located in southeastern [[Nkungu]], bordering [[Afa]] to the west. {{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Unified Dzuma Kingdom of Bomakwodor 
|native_name = ''má Dzṹmánàkɔ́ Déyí Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' {{small|([[Dzuma language|Dzuma]])}} 
|common_name = Bomakwodor 
|image_flag = Bomakwodor_flag.png 
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|capital = [[Bayingan]] 
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|official_languages = [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]] 
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|languages_type =  Unrecognized vernacular languages
|languages =  [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] [[Nganka language|Nganka]] [[Kumun language|Kumun]]
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|demonym = Bomakwodoni 
|government_type = Unitary theocratic absolute monarchy
|leader_title1 = King
|leader_name1 = [[Bayin Kabo|Ozodagbalemi Bayin Kabo]]
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|religion=[[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]]}}

==Etymology==
The name Bomakwodor comes from the words "''bòmá kwɔ́dɔ́''" in Dzuma, meaning "tall barrier".

==History==
===Early Bomakwodor===
Before the founding of the kingdom, the southeastern Nkungu area was predominantly populated by Dzuma people in city-states scattered throughout the area. Most of these Dzuma city-states were eventually invaded and conquered by the Bosso Empire under Mbɔ̀lų̀ Akpàlą̀kɔwu II. The southeastern region remained entirely under Bosso rule until the secession of Ekpenku in 2107 CY. After the collapse of Ekpenku, the old city-states began to reemerge and eventually form small confederations. Bomakwodor then was the largest of four states within a small confederation on the coast of eastern Nkungu. During the 33rd century CY, the legendary chief of the Bomakwodor city-state, [[Jaa Abodaleh Odzundileh]], with his army – exonymously called the ''Okemforleh-nleh'' – had formed a large network of city-states from which he extorted tribute, therefore forming a large informal tribute empire.

Jaa Abodaleh's tribute empire, however, came to an end a decade later during the Bomakwodor Raid in 3352, wherein twelve of the many city-states subjugated under Jaa Abodaleh banded together to assassinate him and pillage Bomakwodor. Days after the raid, the chiefs of these city-states all congregated in Ndzoh, deciding to unite as one constitutional elective kingdom under the name Deyinakor. Jaa Karakoroh Londekpor of Mbeteh was elected amongst themselves as the first king.

=== Deyinakor ===
civil wars n shi, eventually becomes centralized at some point

=== Emergence of the Borlo Elite ===
Circa the 4570s CY, seeing potential for economic growth in tourism, the Deyinakor government founded an association named ''Ade Badunse'' (''Àdé Bàdũ̀sé'', "bàdũ̀sé" meaning "bringing attention") aiming to attract visitors to the country and to improve Deyinakor's global presence. Ade Badunse attempted to attain this by commissioning various giant statues and decorated folly buildings (''baayagisa'') and also organizing large scale cultural events. Ade Badunse saw moderate success within Nkungu, but failed globally, not only being overshadowed by Khobeh, but also due to perception as being weaker and less developed. This meant that most foreign tourists coming into the country were from its immediate Nyamu-majority neighbors [[Khobeh]] and [[Afa]]. As Deyinakor saw an influx of Khobehi and Afa tourists, it also captured the attention of Nyamu businessmen from both countries. These entrepreneurs, who were already powerful in their respective nations, began to set their eyes on Deyinakor as an opportunity for expansion. To the Dzuma public, these foreign businessmen were known as ''bɔ̀lóó'' (from the Dzuma term ''bà ɔ̀lóó'' "money man").

Initially, the Nyamu investors operated within conventional business practices, purchasing land and investing in industries like textiles, transportation, and local markets. However, over time, a smaller group of these investors began to take a more aggressive approach by strategically monopolizing entire sectors of Deyinakor's economy. Through this, the group began to surpass Dzuma elites and eventually become the wealthiest people in the nation, earning them the nickname "Borlo Elite" (''Ìláyìlá Bɔ̀lóónlɛ̀'') among Deyinakor peoples. By the 4580s CY the Borlo Elite consolidated their economic influence, they began to leverage this to also exert political influence. They began to influence local governance, taxation policies, and trade. The Elite even began to establish militias to protect its properties and members. The Deyinakor government however, while aware of their presence, did not take much action against the Borlo Elite despite vocal opposition from the people. This became the final straw for the Deyinakor public, inciting a long period of political unrest. The public's aversion to the Elite also lead to the rapid rise of Dzuma nationalism in Deyinakor, spawning various anti-establishment nationalist groups throughout the country, most prominent of them being the Gongor Eke.

===Coup of 4606===
After over a thousand years of Deyinakor's existence as a nation, Deyinakor's leadership was overthrown by the Dzuma nationalist [[Bayin Kabo|Gongor Eke]] movement in 4606 CY led by [[Bayin Kabo]]. Upon previous leader [[Jaa Afunyanin Ngomban]]'s forced exile, Bayin Kabo declared that the nation would be officially called Bomakwodor in honor of [[Jaa Abodaleh]], an idol figure within the Gongor Eke.

===Afa-Bomakwodoni War===
Under Bayin Kabo's authority, the Gongor Eke started carrying out campaigns in 4608 CY to eliminate the entire non-Dzuma population living in Bomakwodor. Many of these campaigns involved forcibly displacing people that were either known to be or were under suspicion of being non-Dzuma and moving them to slums near the border like [[Sheboshebo]], or putting individuals at sea on small canoes. The widespread displacement and oppression of non-Dzumas in Bomakwodor shortly caused a massive influx of refugees in [[Afa]], and to a lesser extent [[Khobeh]]. After the Afa government acknowledged that the influx in undocumented refugees landing on Afa's southern coasts was due to the Gongor Eke forcing Bomakwodoni citizens out of the country, king Ndunga Mbàdi of Afa reportedly sent a letter to Bayin Kabo requesting that the Gongor Eke does not direct exiles westward into Afa, explicitly stating in the letter that Afa "wants nothing to do with" Bomakwodoni exiles. Bayin Kabo did not reply to the letter, and the Gongor Eke campaigns against non-Dzumas continued in the same fashion, leading to more refugees on Afa's coasts.

After seeing that Ndunga Mbàdi's letter was neglected, Afa and Bomakwodor started having minor skirmishes throughout their shared border for several years onward. After one conflict in 4614 CY wherein Afa military crossed the Bomakwodor border and onto the Sheboshebo slum, Bayin Kabo officially declared war against Afa. The Gongor Eke's forced exiling of minorities has not ceased since, and the Afa-Bomakwodoni war is still ongoing.

==Politics==

===Government===

===Administrative divisions===

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Dzuma people are the indigenous and primary ethnic group of Bomakwodor, as the official name of Bomakwodor notes that the country is a "Dzuma nation" (''Dzṹmánàkɔ́''). Despite the country being primarily Dzuma, diasporas of Nyamu, Nganka, and Bhala people have existed in Bomakwodor since before its founding. Before the 4606 coup, non-Dzuma peoples in Deyinakor comprised a large segment of the upper class, as they were often wealthy immigrants from Khobeh or Afa either seeking business or fleeing political instability. Under [[Bayin Kabo]]'s reign, the diasporas have significantly decreased in population due to oppression and forced exile by the Gongor Eke.

===Language===
The official language of Bomakwodor is [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]], as it is also the majority language of the nation. Most, if not all, citizens of Bomakwodor are either fully fluent or semi-fluent (in the cases of non-Dzuma residents) in the Dzuma language. Although Dzuma is the main language of Bomakwodor, there are also a number of local varieties of Dzuma spoken throughout different areas of the country. These local varieties are either regional dialects spoken in a certain area (i.e Gaanin, named after the town of Gaanin) or belonging to a specific Dzuma subgroup (i.e Bandapor, exclusive to the Bandapor people of eastern Bomakwodor). The standard Dzuma dialect, which is regulated by the [[Nganlokor Council of Language and Literature|NCLL]], is based on the local dialect of Bayingan (known as the Ndzoh dialect among speakers).

===Religion===
The Bomakwodoni government officially recognizes [[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]] as the national religion. Boyinmi-Ghan blends the traditional beliefs of the Dzuma religion with the ideals of Bayin Kabo and the Gongor Eke. While majority of Bomakwodoni practice the traditional religion itself, adherents of Boyinmi-Ghan are a minority in the country. There was a small minority of [[Aku Kwabolu]] adherents in Bomakwodor (including that of the [[Foluwa Temple]]) before the 4608 CY Gongor Eke campaigns, which rendered anyone who practiced a religion that wasn't Boyinmi-Ghan or the traditional religion – regardless of actually being Dzuma or not – at risk of being forcibly exiled. Adherents of illegal religions who have not either emigrated or been forced into exile are forced to keep their religious matters private.

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Tarwah Union

2025-01-29T01:10:36Z

Thae: /* Ethnic groups */

The '''Tarwah Union''', formally known as the '''Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West''', is a confederation consisting of states that were founded shortly after the collapse of the [[Second Tarwah Empire]].{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West 
|native_name = '' Ñjandekhelah Ikhaŋgañ si Tarwah ʔäwwä Yabbarilah Ŋkunu ne Tamm Tayabbaratta Ñjan Saaf-Wäɖáh bu Yëggul'' {{small|([[Bhala language|Bhala]])}} 
|common_name = Tarwah Union 
|image_flag = Kunu_mbarkhene_flag.png 
|alt_flag = 
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|capital = [[Mbalkham]] 
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|official_languages = [[Bhala language|Bhala]] 
|national_languages = [[Thaasi language|Thaasi]] [[Mbayy Kuy language|Mbayy Kuy]] [[Chejun language|Chejun]] 
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|ethnic_groups = Bhala Thaasi Mbayy Kuyy Chejun Mixed Tarwah
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Tarwah 
|government_type = 
|leader_title1 = Head of Khajjiyawwa
|leader_name1 = [[Khajjiya]]
|leader_title2 = Yambaar of Charagulgun 
|leader_name2 = [[Raavirai K. Bandéndaraal]]
|leader_title6 = Kot Nguat of Seunggun 
|leader_name6 = i dont have a name for him
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}}

==Etymology==
The long form of the Tarwah Union name was drafted by Khajjiya member Lehäwwäl Täwbiraal Abbaatha-Jiya, taking inspiration from the Bhala tradition of lengthy ceremonial place names. The "Holy Wind-Spirit of the West" referred is a name used for Widya among Tarwah people, as most Tarwah Kunwidya adhrents have a unique custom (borrowed from the traditional ''Barigan'' religion of the Bhala) of avoiding mentioning Widya by name. The term ''Tarwah'', currently used to refer to the overall region of former Tarwah Empire territories or the empire itself, was previously the name of the Teunggulgam River before it was officially changed by the Tarwah Union in [X date].

==History==
===Five Kingdoms===

===First Tarwa Empire===

===Second Tarwa Empire===

==Geography==

===Geology===

===Climate===

===Biodiversity===

==Politics==

===Government===

===States===
The Tarwah Union is split into three autonomous states: Khajjiyawwa, Charagulgun, and Seunggun. Each state has its own internal government carried over from pre-unionization; Khajjiyawwa has its triumvirate government – the Khajjiya – with a chosen Khajjiya member acting as a representative, while Charagulgun and Seunggun retain their traditional monarchies.

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Economy==

===Transport===

===Energy===

===Science and technology===

===Tourism===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
There are four main indigenous ethnic groups recognized by the Tarwah Union; Bhala, Thaasi, Mbayy Kuy, and Chejun, the Bhala being the most dominant among them. The Thaasi and Chejun are both prominent in Charagulgun, which they are native to. The [[Mbayy Kuyy]] are prominent in Seunggun and northern areas of Khajjiyawwa. The Tarwah Union also officially recognizes ''tuwkhëy'' - mixed people of any two Tarwah ethnic groups.

===Language===

===Education===

===Healthcare===

===Religion===

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Khobeh

2024-11-29T15:19:30Z

Thae: /* Early Kingdom */

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
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|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = National seal 
|national_motto = ''Àgbà Yū'' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]) <div style="text-align: center;">[The] Kingdom Stands</div> 
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|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
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|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] 
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|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

|leader_title6 = 
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|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
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}}

==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===
Khobeh under [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] (2727-2750 CY) marked a transformative era in the early history of the nation. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] brought about many reforms politically and culturally, most significant of which was the establishment of a new Sakhāndizų council resembling that of the Bosso Empire. This newer Sakhāndizų would evolve into the modern-day Royal Assembly. This council, like that of Bosso, was a bicameral council bringing together all the traditional clan leaders of the land with appointed officials. Unlike Bosso however, traditional clan rulers along with the dynastic rulers of the Confederation were put together in one body of the council, while the other consisted of 15 officials, all of which were traditional priests. Alongside the new political model was also reduced provincial autonomy, as the seperate militias of Confederation-era rulers were now conglomerated into a central Khobehi army under direct rule of [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]]. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]] also promoted a restoration of Bosso culture in Khobeh, fostering a cultural movement known as ''Waga Agba'' ("to return and retrieve") which centered around revitalizing and modernizing past traditions. Despite the Nyamu centrism of the time period, Waga Agba also resonated with Hlong peoples as it called to traditions and customs present in both Nyamu and Hlong culture.

===Involvement in Copper War===

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. Aku Biakor has historically dominated the country for centuries, as many of Khobeh's former leaders were professed Aku Biakor adherents. The ''Kɔgɔ Ilā'', the largest temple in the country and seat of the religious head (the ''Jų̄biakɔ'') is in [[Kashinkhor]]. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly also practiced Aku Biakor. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Aku Sakhakharun is the more popular sect in rural areas as what many rural Khobehis believe is a more authentic counterpart to Aku Biakor. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and the distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. Within Khobehi culture, there is a traditional divide between vernacular music (''shanyia'' | ''ṣàñia'') and high class music (''shafelila'' | ''ṣàfelilà''), both having their own set of distinct rhythms and instrumentation to match certain situations. ''Shanyia'' music is highly resemblant of Nyamu folk music; monophonic, improvisational, and following call-and-response patterns. ''Shanyia'' music is often either played at generic celebrations and festivals for dancing, or to accompany labor. ''Shafelila'' music, on the other hand, features more complex heterophonic melodies and does not feature call-and-response patterns. Melodic lines may be improvised as in ''shanyia'', but are set to fixed lyrics. ''Shafelila'' music is often either played in praise of nobility or royalty, or for religious ceremonies.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Khobeh

2024-11-29T15:09:38Z

Thae: /* Early Kingdom */

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = National seal 
|national_motto = ''Àgbà Yū'' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]) <div style="text-align: center;">[The] Kingdom Stands</div> 
|national_anthem = 
|royal_anthem = 
|other_symbol_type = 
|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
|image_map2 = 
|alt_map2 = 
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|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|largest_city = 
|largest_settlement_type = 
|largest_settlement = 
|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] 
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|regional_languages = [[Hlong language|Hlong]] [[Gara language|Gara]] [[Nganka language|Nganka]] 
|languages_type = 
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|languages_sub = 
|languages2_type = 
|languages2 = 
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|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

|leader_title6 = 
|leader_name6 =
|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
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|footnote_h = 
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|patron_saint =
}}

==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===
Khobeh under [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] (2727-2750 CY) marked a transformative era in the early history of the nation. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀ Kàṣi]] brought about many reforms politically and culturally, most significant of which was the establishment of a new Sakhāndizų council resembling that of the Bosso Empire. This newer Sakhāndizų would provide the foundation upon which the modern-day Royal Assembly was developed. This council, like that of Bosso, was a bicameral council bringing together all the traditional clan leaders of the land with appointed officials. Unlike Bosso however, traditional clan rulers along with the dynastic rulers of the Confederation were put together in one body of the council, while the other consisted of 15 officials, all of which were traditional priests. Alongside the new political model was also reduced provincial autonomy, as the seperate militias of Confederation-era rulers were now conglomerated into a central Khobehi army under direct rule of [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]]. [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Bų̄̀lą̀]] [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi|Kàṣi]] also promoted a restoration of Bosso culture in Khobeh, fostering a cultural movement known as ''Waga Agba'' ("to return and retrieve") which centered around revitalizing and modernizing past traditions. Despite the Nyamu centrism of the time period, Waga Agba was also popular among Hlong peoples as it called to traditions and customs present in both Nyamu and Hlong culture.

===Involvement in Copper War===

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. Aku Biakor has historically dominated the country for centuries, as many of Khobeh's former leaders were professed Aku Biakor adherents. The ''Kɔgɔ Ilā'', the largest temple in the country and seat of the religious head (the ''Jų̄biakɔ'') is in [[Kashinkhor]]. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly also practiced Aku Biakor. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Aku Sakhakharun is the more popular sect in rural areas as what many rural Khobehis believe is a more authentic counterpart to Aku Biakor. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and the distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. Within Khobehi culture, there is a traditional divide between vernacular music (''shanyia'' | ''ṣàñia'') and high class music (''shafelila'' | ''ṣàfelilà''), both having their own set of distinct rhythms and instrumentation to match certain situations. ''Shanyia'' music is highly resemblant of Nyamu folk music; monophonic, improvisational, and following call-and-response patterns. ''Shanyia'' music is often either played at generic celebrations and festivals for dancing, or to accompany labor. ''Shafelila'' music, on the other hand, features more complex heterophonic melodies and does not feature call-and-response patterns. Melodic lines may be improvised as in ''shanyia'', but are set to fixed lyrics. ''Shafelila'' music is often either played in praise of nobility or royalty, or for religious ceremonies.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Nyaka language

2024-10-02T09:42:46Z

Thae: /* Morphology */

'''Nyaka''' (Nyaka: ''ñaka'' or ''yaka'' [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]), also known as '''Yaka''', or '''Jala-jala''' is a [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]-based pidgin language spoken internationally as a ''lingua franca'' throughout the eastern and central Nkungu area. The language contends with its originator [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] as one of the most widely spoken languages within the eastern Nkungu area. Speakers of the language tend to regard Nyaka as either a language seperate from Nyamu, a Nyamu dialect, or – especially among Kwukwu populations – Nyamu itself. The language is also viewed as a "poor man's language" within eastern Nkungu society, being spoken by mostly uneducated people, tradesmen, and merchants. Unlike Nyamu, Nyaka has no official recognition in any of the countries it is spoken in.

{{Infobox language
| name = Nyaka
| nativename = Ñaka, Yaka
| pronunciation = [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]
| states = eastern Nkungu, [[Khobeh]], [[Afa]]
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Bossoid]]
| fam3 =[[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==Varieties==
Nyaka has many varieties belonging to each of the many groups that speak it. These varieties often use words or syntax from, or pronunciation emulating, the local languages of the area it is spoken in. For example, Northern Nyaka and its subvarieties use words loaned from Hlong and Gara, while Southern Nyaka draws its loanwords from Nganka, Dzuma, or Afa Nyamu. The three main Nyaka varieties are Northern Nyaka (also known as [[Khobeh]] Nyaka), Southern Nyaka (also known as [[Afa]] Nyaka), and Kwukwu Nyaka. Each of these main varieties have several subvarieties differing among countries, ethnic groups, districts, and cities. Due to the diversity of Nyaka varieties, certain lects are not mutually intelligible with others.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Differences in Nyaka varieties
!
!English
!Standard Nyamu
!Northern Nyaka
!Southern Nyaka
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |[The] man does not want to go to Kashinkhor
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkhɔfa bali''
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkɔ/Kàṣiklɔ ba sɔ̀ da''
|''Ña Ṣikkɔ ba nsɔ̀ nzì''
|-
!IPA
|/ɲá kàɕíŋˈkʰɔ́fá ˈbálí/
|/ɲá kàˈɕíŋkɔ́ - kàˈɕíklɔ́ bá sɔ̀ dá/
|/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá ⁿsɔ̀ ⁿzì/
/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá mù ⁿzì/
|-
!Gloss
|man Kashinkhor go-DES.NEG
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want without)
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want NEG*)
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |Candada ate fish with his uncle
|''Candada ùda buwuwu kùla jūma''
|''Candada bwɔkɔ kùla diza ùdu jū ta''
|''Caddada bubu kù là gbà ùru akpà''
|-
!IPA
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈùdá búˈwúwú ˈkùlá ˈd͡ʑuː́má/
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈbwɔ́kɔ́ kùlá dízá ˈùdú ˈ d͡ʑuː́ ˈtá/
|/t͡ʃádːádá ˈbúbú kù là g͡bà ˈùɾú ák͡pà/
|-
!Gloss
|Candada fish-SG.ACC uncle-SG.INSTC 3S-GEN eat-PST
|Candada uncle 3S-GEN together fish eat PST**
|Candada uncle 3S PST*** take fish eat
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka negative ''nzì'' is from the Gaanin Dzuma negative particle ''nzì'' (from the standard Dzuma ''ndìì'')

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The Northern Nyaka past tense particle ''ta'' is from ''bata'', the past tense form of the Nyamu verb ''ba'' ('to go')

<nowiki>***</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka past tense particle ''là'' is loaned from the Dzuma past tense particle ''là''

==Current status and society==
Nyaka is one of the most widely spoken languages in eastern Nkungu, contending with [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]. While the Nyamu language became widespread due to the cultural influence of Khobeh within the eastern Nkungu sphere, Nyaka sprouted as a byproduct of interaction between the Nyamu and other ethnic groups. Although being a widespread language, the many groups and areas wherein Nyaka is spoken all have differing ways in which they use and view the language. Within predominantly Nyamu communities, Nyaka is hidden and often solely a spoken language used among intimate individuals, i.e family and friends. The use of Nyaka in situations calling for respect or formality is oftentimes considered disrespectful. Among non-Nyamu communities, however, Nyaka is openly used as a lingua franca regardless of situation and is often interspersed in speech with the local language(s) of the community. Nyaka has no written literature as it is rarely ever written.

==Phonology==
While Nyaka phonology is conventionally similar to that of Nyamu, Nyaka also varies in phonology depending on the variety spoken. The prevalence of certain phonemes may be influenced by the local languages of an area. For example, the Northern Nyaka /ɕ/ and /ʑ/ is often /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ in Southern Nyaka, or both sets may be pronounced in free variation in other varieties. Kwukwu Nyaka is particularly phonologically divergent from other Nyaka dialects especially since it does not feature tones, due to its speakers being native speakers of the atonal Kwukwu languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Postalveolar
! rowspan="2" |Alveolopalatal 6
! rowspan="2" |Retroflex
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m 1
|n
|
|
|
|ɲ 7
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="5" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|
|
|
|
|k
|k͡p 13
|ʔ 9
|-
! aspirated 2
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|
|
|
| kʰ
|k͡pʰ
|
|-
!voiced
|b
|d 11
|
|
|
|
|g
|ɡ͡b 13
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|
|
|
|
|ᵑk
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|
|
|
|
|ᵑg
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f 4
|s
|ʃ
|ɕ
|
|
|x 8
|
|
|-
!voiced
|v 4
| z
|ʒ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
| ⁿs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
| ts 5
|t͡ʃ
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|dz 5
|d͡ʒ
|d͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
|
|ⁿt͡ʃ
|ⁿt͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|
|ⁿd͡ʒ
|ⁿd͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ 12
|
|
|ɽ 9
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|}
1 /m/ is not present in Kwukwu Nyaka but rather realized as [w̃~w]

2 Aspirated consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu speakers, whereas other varieties either do not aspirate or make any distinction between aspirated and unaspirated consonants.

3 Northern and Kwukwu varieties do not include prenasalized consonants

4 /f/ and /v/ are realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [ʍ~ɸʷ~w] and [βʷ~w]

5 In northeastern dialects, /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are realized as [s] and [z]

6 Alveolopalatal consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu and some Hlong speakers, whereas other varieties substitute them for either postalveolar or alveolar consonants

7 Realized as [j] in southern and central dialects

8 Not present in Kwukwu Nyaka

9 Exclusive to Kwukwu Nyaka

11 Often realized as [ɾ] intervocally in southern and central dialects

12 Influenced by Kafue Nyamu, also realized as [ɹ] in northern dialects

13 /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ realized as [p] and [b] in central dialects
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!Back
|-
!Closed
| i
|u
|-
!Closed-mid
|e
|o
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ 1
|ɔ
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|}
1 Realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [æ~a]

==Morphology==
Nyaka is mostly analytical; there is no inflection of words as with Nyamu, with the exception of the ''-la'' genitive suffix and the ''-wa''/''-wo'' past tense suffixes present in Kwukwu varieties. Nyaka also does not have noun classes. Whereas case would be marked in Nyamu, Nyaka uses a variety of adpositions (either taken from Nyamu verbs or adjectives, or loaned from another language) and adpositional phrases, varying between Nyaka dialects. Nyaka also has no pluralization other than the definite plural article ''nṣe''/''ṣe''/''se'' (from the Nyamu third person plural pronoun). Despite this, it is not uncommon for speakers who do also speak Nyamu to sporadically inflect nouns and verbs as they would in Nyamu.

Like Nyamu, the primary word order is SOV, and for imperative clauses SVO. Whereas OSV and VOS word orders are possible to convey emphasis in Nyamu, Nyaka sentences remain strictly SOV due to lack of inflection. Instead, the subject of emphasis is mentioned in the beginning of the sentence alongside a particle ''nsa''/''sa'' (except for verbs, as they are only repeated at the beginning of a sentence).
{| class="wikitable"
!English
!Northern Nyaka
|-
|Kala saw [the] dog
|''Kalà buku jàŋa ta''
|-
|''Kala'' saw [the] dog
|''Kalà nsà ku buku jàŋa ta''
|-
|Kala ''saw'' [the] dog
|''Jàŋa Kalà buku jàŋa ta''
|-
|Kala saw ''[the] dog''
|''Buku nsà ku buku jàŋa ta''
|}

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Nyaka language

2024-10-02T09:41:53Z

Thae: /* Nouns */

'''Nyaka''' (Nyaka: ''ñaka'' or ''yaka'' [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]), also known as '''Yaka''', or '''Jala-jala''' is a [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]-based pidgin language spoken internationally as a ''lingua franca'' throughout the eastern and central Nkungu area. The language contends with its originator [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] as one of the most widely spoken languages within the eastern Nkungu area. Speakers of the language tend to regard Nyaka as either a language seperate from Nyamu, a Nyamu dialect, or – especially among Kwukwu populations – Nyamu itself. The language is also viewed as a "poor man's language" within eastern Nkungu society, being spoken by mostly uneducated people, tradesmen, and merchants. Unlike Nyamu, Nyaka has no official recognition in any of the countries it is spoken in.

{{Infobox language
| name = Nyaka
| nativename = Ñaka, Yaka
| pronunciation = [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]
| states = eastern Nkungu, [[Khobeh]], [[Afa]]
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Bossoid]]
| fam3 =[[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==Varieties==
Nyaka has many varieties belonging to each of the many groups that speak it. These varieties often use words or syntax from, or pronunciation emulating, the local languages of the area it is spoken in. For example, Northern Nyaka and its subvarieties use words loaned from Hlong and Gara, while Southern Nyaka draws its loanwords from Nganka, Dzuma, or Afa Nyamu. The three main Nyaka varieties are Northern Nyaka (also known as [[Khobeh]] Nyaka), Southern Nyaka (also known as [[Afa]] Nyaka), and Kwukwu Nyaka. Each of these main varieties have several subvarieties differing among countries, ethnic groups, districts, and cities. Due to the diversity of Nyaka varieties, certain lects are not mutually intelligible with others.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Differences in Nyaka varieties
!
!English
!Standard Nyamu
!Northern Nyaka
!Southern Nyaka
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |[The] man does not want to go to Kashinkhor
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkhɔfa bali''
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkɔ/Kàṣiklɔ ba sɔ̀ da''
|''Ña Ṣikkɔ ba nsɔ̀ nzì''
|-
!IPA
|/ɲá kàɕíŋˈkʰɔ́fá ˈbálí/
|/ɲá kàˈɕíŋkɔ́ - kàˈɕíklɔ́ bá sɔ̀ dá/
|/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá ⁿsɔ̀ ⁿzì/
/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá mù ⁿzì/
|-
!Gloss
|man Kashinkhor go-DES.NEG
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want without)
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want NEG*)
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |Candada ate fish with his uncle
|''Candada ùda buwuwu kùla jūma''
|''Candada bwɔkɔ kùla diza ùdu jū ta''
|''Caddada bubu kù là gbà ùru akpà''
|-
!IPA
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈùdá búˈwúwú ˈkùlá ˈd͡ʑuː́má/
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈbwɔ́kɔ́ kùlá dízá ˈùdú ˈ d͡ʑuː́ ˈtá/
|/t͡ʃádːádá ˈbúbú kù là g͡bà ˈùɾú ák͡pà/
|-
!Gloss
|Candada fish-SG.ACC uncle-SG.INSTC 3S-GEN eat-PST
|Candada uncle 3S-GEN together fish eat PST**
|Candada uncle 3S PST*** take fish eat
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka negative ''nzì'' is from the Gaanin Dzuma negative particle ''nzì'' (from the standard Dzuma ''ndìì'')

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The Northern Nyaka past tense particle ''ta'' is from ''bata'', the past tense form of the Nyamu verb ''ba'' ('to go')

<nowiki>***</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka past tense particle ''là'' is loaned from the Dzuma past tense particle ''là''

==Current status and society==
Nyaka is one of the most widely spoken languages in eastern Nkungu, contending with [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]. While the Nyamu language became widespread due to the cultural influence of Khobeh within the eastern Nkungu sphere, Nyaka sprouted as a byproduct of interaction between the Nyamu and other ethnic groups. Although being a widespread language, the many groups and areas wherein Nyaka is spoken all have differing ways in which they use and view the language. Within predominantly Nyamu communities, Nyaka is hidden and often solely a spoken language used among intimate individuals, i.e family and friends. The use of Nyaka in situations calling for respect or formality is oftentimes considered disrespectful. Among non-Nyamu communities, however, Nyaka is openly used as a lingua franca regardless of situation and is often interspersed in speech with the local language(s) of the community. Nyaka has no written literature as it is rarely ever written.

==Phonology==
While Nyaka phonology is conventionally similar to that of Nyamu, Nyaka also varies in phonology depending on the variety spoken. The prevalence of certain phonemes may be influenced by the local languages of an area. For example, the Northern Nyaka /ɕ/ and /ʑ/ is often /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ in Southern Nyaka, or both sets may be pronounced in free variation in other varieties. Kwukwu Nyaka is particularly phonologically divergent from other Nyaka dialects especially since it does not feature tones, due to its speakers being native speakers of the atonal Kwukwu languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Postalveolar
! rowspan="2" |Alveolopalatal 6
! rowspan="2" |Retroflex
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m 1
|n
|
|
|
|ɲ 7
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="5" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|
|
|
|
|k
|k͡p 13
|ʔ 9
|-
! aspirated 2
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|
|
|
| kʰ
|k͡pʰ
|
|-
!voiced
|b
|d 11
|
|
|
|
|g
|ɡ͡b 13
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|
|
|
|
|ᵑk
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|
|
|
|
|ᵑg
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f 4
|s
|ʃ
|ɕ
|
|
|x 8
|
|
|-
!voiced
|v 4
| z
|ʒ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
| ⁿs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
| ts 5
|t͡ʃ
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|dz 5
|d͡ʒ
|d͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
|
|ⁿt͡ʃ
|ⁿt͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|
|ⁿd͡ʒ
|ⁿd͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ 12
|
|
|ɽ 9
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|}
1 /m/ is not present in Kwukwu Nyaka but rather realized as [w̃~w]

2 Aspirated consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu speakers, whereas other varieties either do not aspirate or make any distinction between aspirated and unaspirated consonants.

3 Northern and Kwukwu varieties do not include prenasalized consonants

4 /f/ and /v/ are realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [ʍ~ɸʷ~w] and [βʷ~w]

5 In northeastern dialects, /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are realized as [s] and [z]

6 Alveolopalatal consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu and some Hlong speakers, whereas other varieties substitute them for either postalveolar or alveolar consonants

7 Realized as [j] in southern and central dialects

8 Not present in Kwukwu Nyaka

9 Exclusive to Kwukwu Nyaka

11 Often realized as [ɾ] intervocally in southern and central dialects

12 Influenced by Kafue Nyamu, also realized as [ɹ] in northern dialects

13 /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ realized as [p] and [b] in central dialects
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!Back
|-
!Closed
| i
|u
|-
!Closed-mid
|e
|o
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ 1
|ɔ
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|}
1 Realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [æ~a]

==Morphology==
Nyaka is mostly analytical; there is no inflection of words as with Nyamu, with the exception of the ''-la'' genitive suffix and the ''-wa''/''-wo'' past tense suffixes present in Kwukwu varieties. Nyaka also does not have noun classes. Whereas case would be marked in Nyamu, Nyaka uses a variety of adpositions (either taken from Nyamu verbs or adjectives, or loaned from another language) and adpositional phrases, varying between Nyaka dialects. Nyaka also has no pluralization other than the definite plural article ''nṣe''/''ṣe''/''se'' (from the Nyamu third person plural pronoun). Despite this, it is not uncommon for speakers who do also speak Nyamu to sporadically inflect nouns and verbs as they would be in Nyamu.

Like Nyamu, the primary word order is SOV, and for imperative clauses SVO. Whereas OSV and VOS word orders are possible to convey emphasis in Nyamu, Nyaka sentences remain strictly SOV due to lack of inflection. Instead, the subject of emphasis is mentioned in the beginning of the sentence alongside a particle ''nsa''/''sa'' (except for verbs, as they are only repeated at the beginning of a sentence).
{| class="wikitable"
!English
!Northern Nyaka
|-
|Kala saw [the] dog
|''Kalà buku jàŋa ta''
|-
|''Kala'' saw [the] dog
|''Kalà nsà ku buku jàŋa ta''
|-
|Kala ''saw'' [the] dog
|''Jàŋa Kalà buku jàŋa ta''
|-
|Kala saw ''[the] dog''
|''Buku nsà ku buku jàŋa ta''
|}

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Nyaka language

2024-09-21T10:28:50Z

Thae: /* Nouns */

'''Nyaka''' (Nyaka: ''ñaka'' or ''yaka'' [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]), also known as '''Yaka''', or '''Jala-jala''' is a [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]-based pidgin language spoken internationally as a ''lingua franca'' throughout the eastern and central Nkungu area. The language contends with its originator [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] as one of the most widely spoken languages within the eastern Nkungu area. Speakers of the language tend to regard Nyaka as either a language seperate from Nyamu, a Nyamu dialect, or – especially among Kwukwu populations – Nyamu itself. The language is also viewed as a "poor man's language" within eastern Nkungu society, being spoken by mostly uneducated people, tradesmen, and merchants. Unlike Nyamu, Nyaka has no official recognition in any of the countries it is spoken in.

{{Infobox language
| name = Nyaka
| nativename = Ñaka, Yaka
| pronunciation = [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]
| states = eastern Nkungu, [[Khobeh]], [[Afa]]
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Bossoid]]
| fam3 =[[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==Varieties==
Nyaka has many varieties belonging to each of the many groups that speak it. These varieties often use words or syntax from, or pronunciation emulating, the local languages of the area it is spoken in. For example, Northern Nyaka and its subvarieties use words loaned from Hlong and Gara, while Southern Nyaka draws its loanwords from Nganka, Dzuma, or Afa Nyamu. The three main Nyaka varieties are Northern Nyaka (also known as [[Khobeh]] Nyaka), Southern Nyaka (also known as [[Afa]] Nyaka), and Kwukwu Nyaka. Each of these main varieties have several subvarieties differing among countries, ethnic groups, districts, and cities. Due to the diversity of Nyaka varieties, certain lects are not mutually intelligible with others.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Differences in Nyaka varieties
!
!English
!Standard Nyamu
!Northern Nyaka
!Southern Nyaka
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |[The] man does not want to go to Kashinkhor
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkhɔfa bali''
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkɔ/Kàṣiklɔ ba sɔ̀ da''
|''Ña Ṣikkɔ ba nsɔ̀ nzì''
|-
!IPA
|/ɲá kàɕíŋˈkʰɔ́fá ˈbálí/
|/ɲá kàˈɕíŋkɔ́ - kàˈɕíklɔ́ bá sɔ̀ dá/
|/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá ⁿsɔ̀ ⁿzì/
/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá mù ⁿzì/
|-
!Gloss
|man Kashinkhor go-DES.NEG
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want without)
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want NEG*)
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |Candada ate fish with his uncle
|''Candada ùda buwuwu kùla jūma''
|''Candada bwɔkɔ kùla diza ùdu jū bata''
|''Caddada bubu kù là gbà ùru akpà''
|-
!IPA
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈùdá búˈwúwú ˈkùlá ˈd͡ʑuː́má/
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈbwɔ́kɔ́ kùlá dízá ˈùdú ˈ d͡ʑuː́ ˈbátá/
|/t͡ʃádːádá ˈbúbú kù là g͡bà ˈùɾú ák͡pà/
|-
!Gloss
|Candada fish-SG.ACC uncle-SG.INSTC 3S-GEN eat-PST
|Candada uncle 3S-GEN together fish eat PST**
|Candada uncle 3S PST*** take fish eat
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka negative ''nzì'' is from the Gaanin Dzuma negative particle ''nzì'' (from the standard Dzuma ''ndìì'')

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The Northern Nyaka past tense particle ''bata'' is from the past tense form of the Nyamu verb ''ba'' ('to go')

<nowiki>***</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka past tense particle ''là'' is loaned from the Dzuma past tense particle ''là''

==Current status and society==
Nyaka is one of the most widely spoken languages in eastern Nkungu, contending with [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]. While the Nyamu language became widespread due to the cultural influence of Khobeh within the eastern Nkungu sphere, Nyaka sprouted as a byproduct of interaction between the Nyamu and other ethnic groups. Although being a widespread language, the many groups and areas wherein Nyaka is spoken all have differing ways in which they use and view the language. Within predominantly Nyamu communities, Nyaka is hidden and often solely a spoken language used among intimate individuals, i.e family and friends. The use of Nyaka in situations calling for respect or formality is oftentimes considered disrespectful. Among non-Nyamu communities, however, Nyaka is openly used as a lingua franca regardless of situation and is often interspersed in speech with the local language(s) of the community. Nyaka has no written literature as it is rarely ever written.

==Phonology==
While Nyaka phonology is conventionally similar to that of Nyamu, Nyaka also varies in phonology depending on the variety spoken. The prevalence of certain phonemes may be influenced by the local languages of an area. For example, the Northern Nyaka /ɕ/ and /ʑ/ is often /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ in Southern Nyaka, or both sets may be pronounced in free variation in other varieties. Kwukwu Nyaka is particularly phonologically divergent from other Nyaka dialects especially since it does not feature tones, due to its speakers being native speakers of the atonal Kwukwu languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Postalveolar
! rowspan="2" |Alveolopalatal 6
! rowspan="2" |Retroflex
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m 1
|n
|
|
|
|ɲ 7
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="5" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|
|
|
|
|k
|k͡p 13
|ʔ 9
|-
! aspirated 2
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|
|
|
| kʰ
|k͡pʰ
|
|-
!voiced
|b
|d 11
|
|
|
|
|g
|ɡ͡b 13
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|
|
|
|
|ᵑk
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|
|
|
|
|ᵑg
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f 4
|s
|ʃ
|ɕ
|
|
|x 8
|
|
|-
!voiced
|v 4
| z
|ʒ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
| ⁿs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
| ts 5
|t͡ʃ
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|dz 5
|d͡ʒ
|d͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
|
|ⁿt͡ʃ
|ⁿt͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|
|ⁿd͡ʒ
|ⁿd͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ 12
|
|
|ɽ 9
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|}
1 /m/ is not present in Kwukwu Nyaka but rather realized as [w̃~w]

2 Aspirated consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu speakers, whereas other varieties either do not aspirate or make any distinction between aspirated and unaspirated consonants.

3 Northern and Kwukwu varieties do not include prenasalized consonants

4 /f/ and /v/ are realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [ʍ~ɸʷ~w] and [βʷ~w]

5 In northeastern dialects, /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are realized as [s] and [z]

6 Alveolopalatal consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu and some Hlong speakers, whereas other varieties substitute them for either postalveolar or alveolar consonants

7 Realized as [j] in southern and central dialects

8 Not present in Kwukwu Nyaka

9 Exclusive to Kwukwu Nyaka

11 Often realized as [ɾ] intervocally in southern and central dialects

12 Influenced by Kafue Nyamu, also realized as [ɹ] in northern dialects

13 /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ realized as [p] and [b] in central dialects
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!Back
|-
!Closed
| i
|u
|-
!Closed-mid
|e
|o
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ 1
|ɔ
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|}
1 Realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [æ~a]

==Morphology==

===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Khobeh

2024-07-20T03:47:03Z

Thae: /* Religion */

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = National seal 
|national_motto = ''Àgbà Yū'' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]) <div style="text-align: center;">[The] Kingdom Stands</div> 
|national_anthem = 
|royal_anthem = 
|other_symbol_type = 
|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
|image_map2 = 
|alt_map2 = 
|map_caption2 = 
|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|largest_city = 
|largest_settlement_type = 
|largest_settlement = 
|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] 
|national_languages = 
|regional_languages = [[Hlong language|Hlong]] [[Gara language|Gara]] [[Nganka language|Nganka]] 
|languages_type = 
|languages = 
|languages_sub = 
|languages2_type = 
|languages2 = 
|languages2_sub = 
|ethnic_groups = 
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

|leader_title6 = 
|leader_name6 =
|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
|upper_house = 
|lower_house = 
|sovereignty_type = 
|sovereignty_note =
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|footnote_h = 
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|patron_saint =
}}

==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several other clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===

===Involvement in Copper War===

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. Aku Biakor has historically dominated the country for centuries, as many of Khobeh's former leaders were professed Aku Biakor adherents. The ''Kɔgɔ Ilā'', the largest temple in the country and seat of the religious head (the ''Jų̄biakɔ'') is in [[Kashinkhor]]. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly also practiced Aku Biakor. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Aku Sakhakharun is the more popular sect in rural areas as what many rural Khobehis believe is a more authentic counterpart to Aku Biakor. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and the distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. Within Khobehi culture, there is a traditional divide between vernacular music (''shanyia'' | ''ṣàñia'') and high class music (''shafelila'' | ''ṣàfelilà''), both having their own set of distinct rhythms and instrumentation to match certain situations. ''Shanyia'' music is highly resemblant of Nyamu folk music; monophonic, improvisational, and following call-and-response patterns. ''Shanyia'' music is often either played at generic celebrations and festivals for dancing, or to accompany labor. ''Shafelila'' music, on the other hand, features more complex heterophonic melodies and does not feature call-and-response patterns. Melodic lines may be improvised as in ''shanyia'', but are set to fixed lyrics. ''Shafelila'' music is often either played in praise of nobility or royalty, or for religious ceremonies.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Afa

2024-07-19T10:40:24Z

Thae: /* Ethnic groups */

{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Afa 
|native_name = ''Àfa'' {{small|([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]])}} 
|common_name = Afa 
|image_flag = Afa_flag.png 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = 
|national_motto = X 
|national_anthem = 
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|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
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|capital = [[Biamujula]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|largest_city = 
|largest_settlement_type = 
|largest_settlement = 
|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] [[Nganka language|Nganka]] 
|national_languages = 
|regional_languages = [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]] 
|languages_type = 
|languages = 
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|languages2_sub = 
|ethnic_groups = Nyamu Nganka Dzuma 
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Afa 
|government_type = Absolute monarchy
|leader_title1 = King
|leader_name1 = [[Kàriṣia Mbàdi]]
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}}

==Etymology==

==History==

===Post-Collapse===
After the collapse of the Bosso Empire, the former province of Eshinku became the nation of Bosso-Afa, named after the ruling Afa dynasty of provincial rulers (''ajumboyas''), and joined the struggle among the other Bosso nations to reunite and continue the Bosso Empire under their own respective dynasties. The power struggle among the Bosso nations soon became the catalyst for the Bosso Succession War in 2530 CY, a three-way conflict among Bosso-Kafue, Bosso-Muadu, and Bosso-Afa after the invasion and conquest of Bosso-Luakor by Bosso-Muadu. The war continued for five years until peace was officially declared via the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty in 2535 CY, which moreover unified the four Bosso nations as the Khobeh Confederation. Initially, the Khobeh Confederation was not only successful in peacefully uniting the nations, but also thrived greatly as to match the same cultural prestige of the previous Bosso Empire. However, tribalist sentiments within the Confederation caused the same power struggles that afflicted the region nearly a century before to rise again during the early to mid 2600s CY. Small skirmishes between tribalist groups and armies culminated into larger conflicts involving entire nations of the Confederation, comprising the Khobehi Civil War. In 2677 CY, while the civil war still transpired, Mboya Kundundon Afa declared the secession of Afa from the Confederation.

===Early Kingdom===

==Geography==

===Geology===

===Climate===

===Biodiversity===

==Politics==

===Government===

===Administrative divisions===

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Economy==

===Transport===

===Energy===

===Science and technology===

===Tourism===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
There are three main ethnic groups in Afa, populating different regions within the country; the Nyamu, Nganka, and Dzuma. The Nyamu, while being the largest ethnic group in the country, are largely concentrated in the northern parts of Afa. The Nganka are second to the Nyamu, populating the western parts of Afa, especially along the Nyamu River. This area is known as ''Wañɔ'' in Nyamu, from the native Nganka name ''Waŋyaw'' ("waŋ" [blood, people/tribe] + "yaw" [home]). The third largest ethnic group in the country are the Dzuma, who inhabit eastern Afa. While majority of the Dzuma population in Afa are the native Gaanin Dzuma, whose native region is divided by the Afa-Bomakwodor border, there is a growing diaspora of Dzumas fleeing from Bomakwodor.

Unlike neighboring Khobeh, there is a higher degree of interaction and intermixing between the different ethnicities. Throughout the country's history, the intermingling of different cultures has to led to a cohesive collective culture and strong sense of national identity, leading many today to rather identify as Afa than an individual ethnic group.

===Urbanisation===

===Language===

===Education===

===Healthcare===

===Religion===

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Gongor Eke

2024-04-02T04:03:17Z

Thae: Created page with "{{Infobox government agency | name = Gongor Eke | native_name = Góŋgɔ́ Éké | logo = | logo_size = | logo_caption = | headquarters = Bayingan | formed = | jurisdiction = National Advisory Council | employees = | minister1_name = | minister1_pfo = | chief1_name = Bayin Kabo | chief1_position = Leader | parent_department = Government of Bomakwodor }}"

{{Infobox government agency
| name = Gongor Eke
| native_name = Góŋgɔ́ Éké
| logo =
| logo_size =
| logo_caption =
| headquarters = [[Bayingan]]
| formed =
| jurisdiction = [[National Advisory Council]]
| employees =
| minister1_name =
| minister1_pfo =
| chief1_name = [[Bayin Kabo]]
| chief1_position = Leader
| parent_department = [[Government of Bomakwodor]]
}}

Dzuma language

2023-12-15T01:17:48Z

Thae:

{{Infobox language
| name = Dzuma
| nativename = Dzùmáá
| pronunciation = [ˈd͡zùmáː]
| states = [[Bomakwodor]] [[Afa]]
| ethnicity = [[Dzuma people|Dzuma]]
| speakers =xxx
| date =
| speakers2 =xxx
| familycolor = Isolate
| fam2 =
| fam3 =
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =xxx
| nation = [[Bomakwodor]]
| minority =
| agency =[[Nganlokor Council of Language and Literature]] ([[Bomakwodor]])
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = |dia1=Akpaleh Gaanin Afa-Gaanin}}'''Dzuma''' (''Dzùmáá'' [ˈd͡zùmáː]) is a language isolate native to the [[Dzuma people]] of southern [[Nkungu]], and the official language of Bomakwodor. The language is also spoken by Dzuma minorities in southern [[Afa]].

==History==

==Varieties==
Dzuma has a number of local dialects spoken in certain areas of Bomakwodor or exclusive to certain Dzuma tribes:

* '''Akpaleh''' - Primarily spoken by the Akpaleh tribe of northern Bomakwodor, but also by neighboring tribes in the area as a local dialect
* '''Gaanin''' - Local dialect of western Bomakwodor, also has a Nyamu-influenced subdialect spoken in [[Afa]] known as Afa-Gaanin
* '''Bandapor''' - also known as '''Ekwa''', is a dialect exclusive to the Bandapor tribe of eastern Bomakwodor
==Phonology==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Dzuma consonants
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Labiovelar
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m
|n
|ɲ
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Plosive
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|c
|k
|kʷ
|k͡p
|-
!voiced
|b
|d
|ɟ
|g
|gʷ
|ɡ͡b
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|ᶮc
|ᵑk
|ᵑkʷ
|ᵑk͡p
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|ᶮɟ
|ᵑg
|ᵑgʷ
|ᵑɡ͡b
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f
|s
|ç
|x
|
|
|-
!voiced
|β
|z
|
|ɣ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized
!voiceless
|ᶬf
|ⁿs
|ᶮç
|ᵑx
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᶬv
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
|t͡s
|ᶮcç
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|d͡z
|ᶮɟʝ
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized
!voiceless
|
|ⁿt͡s
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿd͡z
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|l
|j
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Lateral fricative
!voiceless
|
|ɬ
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ɮ
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ
|
|
|
|
|}
In northern Dzuma varieties, notably Akpaleh, labiovelar plosives /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ are realized as implosives [ɓ̥] and [ɓ].
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Dzuma vowels
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Front
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
!normal
!nasalized
!normal
!nasalized
|-
!Close
|i
|ĩ
|u
|ũ
|-
!Close-mid
|e
|
|o
|
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ
|ɛ̃
|ɔ
|õ
|-
!Open
|a
|ã
|
|
|}

=== Tones ===
Dzuma has five tones: low <à>, middle <a>, high <á>, rising <àá>, and falling <áà>.

==Morphology==
Dzuma is a highly isolating language with a primarily OVS word order. Unlike its surrounding languages, there is no grammatical inflection of nouns or verbs, but there are multiple noun classes which each have their own definite articles. Many grammatical features are indicated by markers that either come before or after a word, like definite articles and tense particles. Serial verb constructions are also common in Dzuma.

===Definite articles===
Dzuma has definite articles that differentiate based on noun class and number:
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 40%; text-align:center"
|+Dzuma definite articles
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Class
! colspan="3" |Number
|-
!singular
!plural
!none
|-
! style="width: 10%" |C1
! style="width: 26%" |''people''
(ex: bá "man")
|nĩ̀
''bá '''nĩ̀'''''
|nná
''bá '''nná'''''
|nnõ̀
''bá '''nnõ̀'''''
|-
!C2
!''animals'' (ex: ñõ̀ŋkpõ̀ "fish")
|rɛ́
''ñõ̀ŋkpõ̀ '''rɛ́'''''
|réé
''ñõ̀ŋkpõ̀ '''réé'''''
|rɔ̀
''ñõ̀ŋkpõ̀ '''rɔ̀'''''
|-
!C3
!''inanimate objects, dead beings'' (ex: àfí "book")
|bí
''àfí '''bí'''''
|bé
''àfí '''bé'''''
|bí hɛ̃
''àfí '''bí hɛ̃'''''
|-
!C4
!''places'' (ex: bàáyá "house")
|nnṹ
''bàáyá '''nnṹ'''''
|nnũm
''bàáyá '''nnũm'''''
|nnṹ hɛ̃
''bàáyá '''nnṹ hɛ̃'''''
|-
!C5
!''food'' (ex: ŋkèélé "meal")
|mɔ̀
''ŋkèélé '''mɔ̀'''''
|mmí
''ŋkèélé '''mmí'''''
|mɔ̀ hɛ̃
''ŋkèélé '''mɔ̀ hɛ̃'''''
|-
!C6
!''small objects, diminutive'' (ex: káádátí "small cloth")
|nɛ̃̀
''káádátí '''nɛ̃̀'''''
|nnõ̀m
''káádátí '''nnõ̀m'''''
|ñé
''káádátí '''ñé'''''
|-
!C7
!''groups, peoples'' (ex: àdé "council")
|nlɛ̀
''àdé '''nlɛ̀'''''
|nló
''àdé '''nló'''''
|nlɛ̀ hɛ̃
''àdé '''nlɛ̀ hɛ̃'''''
|-
!C8
!''celestial and spiritual entities'' (ex: ndɛ̀kpɔ́ "sun")
|ní
''ndɛ̀kpɔ́ '''ní'''''
|né
''ndɛ̀kpɔ́ '''né'''''
|náà
''ndɛ̀kpɔ́ '''náà'''''
|-
!C9
!plants (ex: ŋgwɛ́wɛ́ "flower")
|maa
''ŋgwɛ́wɛ́ '''maa'''''
|maa rí
''ŋgwɛ́wɛ́ '''maa rí'''''
|maa hɛ̃
''ŋgwɛ́wɛ́ '''maa hɛ̃'''''
|-
!C10
!body parts (ex: bálù "arm")
|mɛ́
''bálù '''mɛ́'''''
|mmɔ
''bálù '''mmɔ'''''
|mɛ́ hɛ̃
''bálù '''mɛ́ hɛ̃'''''
|-
!C11
!generic article (ex: ké "thing")
|ì / í
''ké '''í'''''
|rí
''ké '''rí'''''
|hɛ̃
''ké '''hɛ̃'''''
|}
In informal speech, most nouns belonging to classes other than C1 are often paired with the C11 generic articles. The definite articles are also used as vocative particles (ex: ''Bɔyĩ́ nĩ̀!'' "Father!"), or as a topic marker (ex: ''Káákɔ̀ɔ̀ nĩ̀ ɔ́ kòò nĩ̀'' "It was Kaakor that bought it").

===Pronouns===
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 55%; text-align:center"
|+Dzuma pronouns
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |masculine
! colspan="2" |inanimate / neutral
! colspan="2" |feminine
|-
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
!singular
!plural
|-
! rowspan="3" |1st person
!nominative
|mã
|dza
| rowspan="3" |
|dza
|lɛ́
|dza
|-
!accusative
|mi
|dzõ
|dzõ
|lo
|dzõ
|-
!possessive
|mɔ́
|dzi
|dzi
|sɛ́
|dzi
|-
! rowspan="3" |2nd person
!nominative
|ŋũ
|rí
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |mɛ
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |mɛ rí
|fè
|rí fè
|-
!accusative
|ŋà
|rí ŋà
|fí
|rí fí
|-
!possessive
|ŋé
|rí ŋé
|mó
|mó rí
|ñu
|rí ñu
|-
! rowspan="5" |3rd person
!(subj.)nominative
|nĩ̀
|nɔ́
|ì (inanimate)
à (neutral)
|ì nɔ́ (inanimate)
à nɔ́ (neutral)
|la
|la nɔ́
|-
!(subj.)accusative
|ná
|nnɛ̃
|ɔ́ (inanimate)
à (neutral)
|ɔ́ (inanimate)
à (neutral)
|lɛ̀
|lɛ̀ nnɛ̃
|-
!(subj.)
possessive
|nṍ
|nà
|ɔ́ró (inanimate)
nṍ (neutral)
|ɔ́ró (inanimate)
nà (neutral)
|lé
|lé nà
|-
!(nonsubj.)nom. & acc.
|ɔ̀nĩ̀
|ɔ̀nɔ́
|ɔ̀bí
|ɔ̀bí nɔ́
|ɔ̀la
|l'ɔ̀nɔ́
|-
!(nonsubj.)
possessive
|ɔ̀nṍ
|ɔ̀nà
|ɔ̀nṍ
|ɔ̀nà
|ɔ̀lé
|ɔ̀lé nà
|-
! rowspan="2" |demonstrative
!proximal
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" |
|(art.sg) de
|(art.pl) di
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" |
|-
!distal
|(art.sg) yɛ
|(art.pl) yi
|-
! colspan="2" |interrogative
|yè (art.sg)
|yè (art.pl)
|-
! colspan="2" |reflexive
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |wó
|-
! colspan="2" |reciprocal
| colspan="2" rowspan="1" |ntsí
|}
In casual contexts, it is usual for the pronouns ''mã'' ("I"), ''ŋũ'' ("you"), and ''nĩ̀'' ("he") to be shortened when following a vowel. In most varieties the pronouns are shortened to ''<nowiki/>'m'', ''<nowiki/>'ŋ'', and ''<nowiki/>'n'', but specifically in the Bandapor dialect the preceding vowel is nasalized and the pronouns become ''<nowiki/>'ŋ'', ''<nowiki/>'w'', and ''<nowiki/>'y''.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!English
!Standard sentence
!Shortened
!Shortened (Bandapor)
|-
|''He gave me the food''
|Ŋkèélé mɔ̀ mbé mi là kpé nĩ̀
|Ŋkèélé í mbé 'm là kpé 'n
|Ŋkèélé í mbɛ̃́ 'ŋ là pɛ̃́ 'y
|-
|''I will go to his house''
|Nti nṍ kó bo mã
|Nti 'n kó bo 'm
|Nsĩ 'y kú bõ 'ŋ
|}

=== Negation ===
Dzuma forms negative phrases via the phrase ''kɔ [...] ndì ì'' ("it lacks that ..."; "there is no"), often shortened to ''ndì'' in colloquial contexts.

ex: ''Ñõ̀ŋkpõ̀ là ntshɛ̃́kpɛ lɛ́'' ("She cooked fish" | fish PST cook 3F.NOM) → ''Kɔ ñõ̀ŋkpõ̀ là ntshɛ̃́kpɛ lɛ́ ndì ì'' ("She didn't cook fish" | REL fish PST cook 3F.NOM lack 3I.NOM)

== Vocabulary ==

=== Loan words and NCLL censorship ===
Loan words in Dzuma are primarily from [[Bosso language|Bosso]] and [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], as both languages have been predominant in the overall eastern Nkungu area. Although the influence of Nyamu on the Dzuma people in [[Afa]] brought about the Afa-Gaanin dialect, many Nyamu words and phrases are still used in the Dzuma varieties of [[Bomakwodor]]. However, the reign of [[Bayin Kabo]] in [[Bomakwodor]] also brought about an official censorship of words that are not Dzuma in origin in media and published works, which is overlooked by the government-sponsored [[Nganlokor Council of Language and Literature|Nganlokor Council of Language and Literature (NCLL)]]. Words and phrases with non-Dzuma origins (particularly Bosso, since words of Bhala origin tended to be overlooked) are often censored and replaced with either existing Dzuma words or newer NCLL-crafted innovations.
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Isolate languages]]

Bayin Kabo

2023-12-10T08:13:41Z

Thae:

{{Infobox royalty
| embed =
| name = Bayin Kabo
| title =
| titletext =
| more =
| image =Bayin_kabo2.png
| image_size = 200px
| alt =
| caption =Bayin Kabo wearing a black ''ìbáántàátã̀lɛ̀'' garment, 4623 CY
| succession =
| moretext =
| reign = 4606 CY - present
| reign-type =
| coronation =
| cor-type =
| investiture =
| predecessor = [[Jaa Afunyanin Ngomban]]
| pre-type =
| successor =Ningbanako Bayin 
| suc-type =Heir Apparent
| regent =
| reg-type =
| succession1 =
| moretext1 =
| reign1 =
| reign-type1 =
| coronation1 =
| cor-type1 =
| predecessor1 =
| pre-type1 =
| successor1 =
| suc-type1 =
| regent1 =
| reg-type1 =
| birth_name = Bayin Ngote Kabo
| birth_date = 4560 CY (age 67)
| birth_place = [[Ngambaran]], Bomakwodor
| death_date =
| death_place =
| burial_date =
| burial_place =
| queen = Aboladela Kumonla Bayin
| spouse = 
| spouse-type = Spouse
| consort = 
| issue = 
| issue-link =
| issue-pipe =
| issue-type =
| full name = Ɔ̀zódágbã́lɛ́mì Báyĩ́ Kàbo m'ɔ̀lɛ́ ní Ndɛ̀kpɔ́ lɔ̀
Ŋɛ̀nɛ́mìyɔ̀ Ɔ̀tàmbũ̀lɛ̀ Mvõ̀õ̀fontàá nĩ̀ {{small|(''The Great Protector of the People, Bayin Kabo, the Most Humble Servant of the Gods [[Dzuma religion|Ndekpor]] and [[Dzuma religion|Ngenemiyor]]'')}}
| era name =
| era dates =
| regnal name =
| posthumous name =
| temple name =
| native_lang1 = 
| native_lang1_name1 = 
| house =
| house-type =
| royal house =
| dynasty =
| father = Kabo Kaakoroh
| mother =
| religion = [[Dzuma religion|Boyinmi-Ghan]]
| occupation =
| signature_type =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
}}

'''Bayin Kabo''' ({{small|[[Dzuma language|Dzuma]]:}} Báyĩ́ Kàbo [ˈbájĩ́ ˈkàbō]), also referred to as '''Bayinmi-ni''' by local Bomakwodoni people, is the current king of [[Bomakwodor]], having assumed kingship since the 4606 coup against [[Jaa Afunyanin Ngomban]], and leader of the [[Gongor Eke]] paramilitary force.

=Early life=
Bayin Kabo was born in the village of Ngambaran in 4560 CY, the second-born son of Kabo Kaakoroh, the village chief.

=Gongor Eke=

= King of Bomakwodor=
[[Category:Monarchs]]
[[Category:Political leaders]]
[[Category:People]]

Tsaah people

2023-12-09T09:54:45Z

Thae:

{{Infobox ethnic group
| native_name = ''Caakh nìŋ''
| image = [[File:Tsaahmengroup2.png|250px]]
| regions = [[Hashdezi Empire]] (Kramvá), [[Tarwah Union]], [[Dugon]]
| languages = [[Tsaah language|Tsaah]], [[Hashdezi language|Hashdezi]], [[Gara language|Gara]], [[Bhala language|Bhala]]
| related_groups = [[Pusung people]], [[Supu people]], [[Mbay Kuyy people]]
}}

'''Tsaah people''' (Tsaah: ''Caakh nìŋ'', [t͡sǽːh nĩ̀] (East), [sɔ́ːh nĩ̀] (West), [sáː nìŋ] (South)) are an ethnic group indigenous to northwestern [[Nkungu]]. There are three main subgroups of Tsaah people - the East Tsaah (''Kwùan Caakh''), West Tsaah (''Kũcaagl Caakh'') , and South Tsaah (''Dan Caakh''). The East Tsaah are the largest out of the three groups, making up the majority of Tsaah people. The East Tsaah are largely concentrated in the Hashdezi [[Kramvá]] colony. The second largest subgroup are the nomadic South Tsaah which are spread out throughout northern [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and west Dugon - a region known colloquially among them as ''Sòk But Mùan'' ([sù pú mùːŋ], “place of moving feet”). There is also widespread intermixing between South Tsaahs and the local peoples of Sòk But Mùan, causing the emergence of two distinct mixed minorities - the [[Pusung people]] of [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and the [[Supu people]] of Dugon. The West Tsaah mostly reside in the western portion of the Tsalu River in [X land].

== History ==

== Languages ==
[[Tsaah language|Tsaah]] is the predominant language among the Tsaah people, with respective dialects for each Tsaah subgroup, all of which are not mutually intelligible. Due to mass migration and colonization, the subgroups also have other languages besides Tsaah that are also widely spoken. All the subgroups have creoles based on the language of influence in their respective regions; the East Tsaah speak the Hashdezi-based creole [[Gusa]] (from Hashdezi ''gża'' “dialect”) and [a creole for West Tsaah somewhere idk]. The South Tsaah have two main creoles, one of which is Tari (from the Bhala exonym “tari” from ''uttári'' “to wander”), a Bhala-based creole spoken in the Tarwah side of Sòk But Mùan, and the lesser spoken Supu Lak of Dugon. Tari is more widely spoken across Sòk But Mùan than Supu Lak, which is exclusive to the diaspora of Dugon

File:Tsaahmengroup2.png

2023-12-09T09:53:32Z

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Tsaah people

2023-12-09T02:57:04Z

Thae:

{{Infobox ethnic group
| native_name = ''Caakh nìŋ''
| image = [[File:Tsaahmengroup.png|190px]]
| regions = [[Hashdezi Empire]] (Kramvá), [[Tarwah Union]], [[Dugon]]
| languages = [[Tsaah language|Tsaah]], [[Hashdezi language|Hashdezi]], [[Gara language|Gara]], [[Bhala language|Bhala]]
| related_groups = [[Pusung people]], [[Supu people]], [[Mbay Kuyy people]]
}}

'''Tsaah people''' (Tsaah: ''Caakh nìŋ'', [t͡sǽːh nĩ̀] (East), [sɔ́ːh nĩ̀] (West), [sáː nìŋ] (South)) are an ethnic group indigenous to northwestern [[Nkungu]]. There are three main subgroups of Tsaah people - the East Tsaah (''Kwùan Caakh''), West Tsaah (''Kũcaagl Caakh'') , and South Tsaah (''Dan Caakh''). The East Tsaah are the largest out of the three groups, making up the majority of Tsaah people. The East Tsaah are largely concentrated in the Hashdezi [[Kramvá]] colony. The second largest subgroup are the nomadic South Tsaah which are spread out throughout northern [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and west Dugon - a region known colloquially among them as ''Sòk But Mùan'' ([sù pú mùːŋ], “place of moving feet”). There is also widespread intermixing between South Tsaahs and the local peoples of Sòk But Mùan, causing the emergence of two distinct mixed minorities - the [[Pusung people]] of [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and the [[Supu people]] of Dugon. The West Tsaah mostly reside in the western portion of the Tsalu River in [X land].

== History ==

== Languages ==
[[Tsaah language|Tsaah]] is the predominant language among the Tsaah people, with respective dialects for each Tsaah subgroup, all of which are not mutually intelligible. Due to mass migration and colonization, the subgroups also have other languages besides Tsaah that are also widely spoken. All the subgroups have creoles based on the language of influence in their respective regions; the East Tsaah speak the Hashdezi-based creole [[Gusa]] (from Hashdezi ''gża'' “dialect”) and [a creole for West Tsaah somewhere idk]. The South Tsaah have two main creoles, one of which is Tari (from the Bhala exonym “tari” from ''uttári'' “to wander”), a Bhala-based creole spoken in the Tarwah side of Sòk But Mùan, and the lesser spoken Supu Lak of Dugon. Tari is more widely spoken across Sòk But Mùan than Supu Lak, which is exclusive to the diaspora of Dugon

Tsaah people

2023-12-07T08:31:47Z

Thae:

{{Infobox ethnic group
| native_name = ''Caakh nìŋ''
| image = [[File:Tsaahmengroup.png|190px]]
| regions = [[Hashdezi Empire]] (Nkungu colony), [[Tarwah Union]], [[Dugon]]
| languages = [[Tsaah language|Tsaah]], [[Hashdezi language|Hashdezi]], [[Gara language|Gara]], [[Bhala language|Bhala]]
| related_groups = [[Pusung people]], [[Supu people]], [[Mbay Kuyy people]]
}}

'''Tsaah people''' (Tsaah: ''Caakh nìŋ'', [t͡sǽːh nĩ̀] (East), [sɔ́ːh nĩ̀] (West), [sáː nìŋ] (South)) are an ethnic group indigenous to northwestern [[Nkungu]]. There are three main subgroups of Tsaah people - the East Tsaah (''Kwùan Caakh''), West Tsaah (''Kũcaagl Caakh'') , and South Tsaah (''Dan Caakh''). The East Tsaah are the largest out of the three groups, making up the majority of Tsaah people. The East Tsaah are largely concentrated in [Hashdezi colony]. The second largest subgroup are the nomadic South Tsaah which are spread out throughout northern [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and west Dugon - a region known colloquially among them as ''Sòk But Mùan'' ([sù pú mùːŋ], “place of moving feet”). There is also widespread intermixing between South Tsaahs and the local peoples of ''Sòk But Mùan'', causing the emergence of two distinct mixed minorities - the [[Pusung people]] of [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and the [[Supu people]] of Dugon. The West Tsaah mostly reside in the western portion of the Tsalu River in [X land].

File:Tsaahmengroup.png

2023-12-07T08:26:55Z

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File:Cukdap.png

2023-12-07T08:26:16Z

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Tsaah people

2023-12-07T07:27:13Z

Thae: Created page with "'''Tsaah people''' (Tsaah: ''Caakh nìŋ'', [t͡sǽːh nĩ̀] (East), [sɔ́ːh nĩ̀] (West), [sáː nìŋ] (South)) are an ethnic group indigenous to northwestern Nkungu. There are three main subgroups of Tsaah people - the East Tsaah (''Kwùan Caakh''), West Tsaah (''Kũcaagl Caakh'') , and South Tsaah (''Dan Caakh''). The East Tsaah are the largest out of the three groups, making up the majority of Tsaah..."

'''Tsaah people''' (Tsaah: ''Caakh nìŋ'', [t͡sǽːh nĩ̀] (East), [sɔ́ːh nĩ̀] (West), [sáː nìŋ] (South)) are an ethnic group indigenous to northwestern [[Nkungu]]. There are three main subgroups of Tsaah people - the East Tsaah (''Kwùan Caakh''), West Tsaah (''Kũcaagl Caakh'') , and South Tsaah (''Dan Caakh''). The East Tsaah are the largest out of the three groups, making up the majority of Tsaah people. The East Tsaah are largely concentrated in [Hashdezi colony]. The second largest subgroup are the nomadic South Tsaah which are spread out throughout northern [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and west Dugon - a region known colloquially among them as ''Sòk But Mùan'' ([sù pú mùːŋ], “place of moving feet”). There is also widespread intermixing between South Tsaahs and the local peoples of ''Sòk But Mùan'', causing the emergence of two distinct mixed minorities - the [[Pusung people]] of [[Tarwah Union|Seunggun]] and the [[Supu people]] of Dugon. The West Tsaah mostly reside in the western portion of the Tsalu River in [X land].

Tsaah language

2023-12-07T06:56:12Z

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{{Infobox language
| name = Tsaah
| nativename = Caakhlaag
| pronunciation = [t͡sæːhlæːh] (East Tsaah) [sɔːhlɔːh] (West Tsaah) [saːlaː] (South Tsaah)
| states = northwestern Nkungu
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Northern Juru]]
| fam3 =
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

'''Tsaah''' (''Caakhlaag,'' [t͡sæːhlæːh] (E. Tsaah) / [sɔːhlɔːh] (W. Tsaah) / [saːlaː] (S. Tsaah)) is a northern [[Juru languages|Juru language]] spoken by the [[Tsaah people]] of northwestern Nkungu.

==History==

==Varieties==
The language has three main divergent dialects spoken by the three Tsaah tribes; East Tsaah (''kwùan Caakh''), West Tsaah (''kũcaagl Caakh''), and South Tsaah (''dan Caakh'').

==Current status and importance==

==Phonology==

==Morphology==

===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

==Writing==

==Modern use==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Kayabi Conflict

2023-11-22T01:28:51Z

Thae:

The '''Kayabi Conflict''' is an ongoing geopolitical and religious tension between [[Khobeh]] and the [[Tarwah Union]] along with their protectorates and allies, respectively the East Faction and the West Faction. The conflict sprouted from an initial power struggle between the two nations following the economic boom in the Tarwah Union as a result of the [[Seunggun Coal Trade|Seunggun coal trade]]. The tension between Khobeh, the Tarwah Union, and their respective allies has manifested in the form of expansionist campaigns, proxy wars, and espionage operations. The conflict has also led to a religious conflict between the predominantly [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] adherents of East Faction nations and the [[Kunwidya]] adherents of the West Faction. Culturally, the Kayabi Conflict has given rise to rampant nationalism and xenophobia among the factions' member countries, especially the targeting of diaspora populations as in [[Bomakwodor]].

The name ''kayabi'' was originally an [[Nyamu language|Afa Nyamu]] term meaning "quarrel" derived from the [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]] word ''àdùkàyã̀bé'', meaning "to pull at both sides".

== Factions ==

=== East Faction ===

=== West Faction ===

Kayabi Conflict

2023-11-21T06:14:43Z

Thae: Created page with "The '''Kayabi Conflict''' is an ongoing geopolitical and religious tension between Khobeh and the Tarwah Union along with their protectorates and allies, respectively the East Faction and the West Faction. The conflict sprouted from an initial power struggle between the two nations following the economic boom in the Tarwah Union as a result of the Seunggun coal trade. The tension between Khobeh, the Tarwah Union, and their respective allie..."

The '''Kayabi Conflict''' is an ongoing geopolitical and religious tension between [[Khobeh]] and the [[Tarwah Union]] along with their protectorates and allies, respectively the East Faction and the West Faction. The conflict sprouted from an initial power struggle between the two nations following the economic boom in the Tarwah Union as a result of the [[Seunggun Coal Trade|Seunggun coal trade]]. The tension between Khobeh, the Tarwah Union, and their respective allies has manifested in the form of expansionist campaigns, proxy wars, and espionage operations. The conflict has also led to a religious conflict between the predominantly [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] adherents of East Faction nations and the [[Kunwidya]] adherents of the West Faction. Culturally, the Kayabi Conflict has given rise to rampant nationalism and xenophobia among the factions' member countries, especially the targeting of diaspora populations as in [[Bomakwodor]].

The name ''kayabi'' was originally an [[Nyamu language|Afa Nyamu]] term for quarreling derived from the [[Dzuma language|Dzuma]] word ''àdùkàyã̀bé'', meaning "to pull at both sides".

== Factions ==

=== East Faction ===

=== West Faction ===

Khobeh

2023-11-21T06:06:34Z

Thae:

'''Khobeh''' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]: ''Khɔbɛ̀''), officially the '''Kingdom of Khobeh''', is a country in eastern [[Nkungu]], bordered by [[Afa]] to the south.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Khobeh 
|native_name = ''Àgbà Khɔbɛ'' {{small|(Nyamu)}} 
|common_name = Khobeh 
|image_flag = [[File:Khobeh_flag.png|130x130px]] 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = [[File:Khobeh_seal.png|120x120px]] 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = National seal 
|national_motto = ''Àgbà Yū'' ([[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]) <div style="text-align: center;">[The] Kingdom Stands</div> 
|national_anthem = 
|royal_anthem = 
|other_symbol_type = 
|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
|image_map2 = 
|alt_map2 = 
|map_caption2 = 
|capital = [[Kashinkhor]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|largest_city = 
|largest_settlement_type = 
|largest_settlement = 
|official_languages = [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] 
|national_languages = 
|regional_languages = [[Hlong language|Hlong]] [[Gara language|Gara]] [[Nganka language|Nganka]] 
|languages_type = 
|languages = 
|languages_sub = 
|languages2_type = 
|languages2 = 
|languages2_sub = 
|ethnic_groups = 
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Khobehi 
|government_type = Elective constitutional monarchy
|leader_title1 = King (Mbolu) 
|leader_name1 = Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi
|leader_title2 =Head of the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor 
|leader_name2 = Dada Kɔbuani

|leader_title6 = 
|leader_name6 =
|legislature = Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') 
|upper_house = 
|lower_house = 
|sovereignty_type = 
|sovereignty_note =
|established_event1 = 
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|established_event2 = 
|established_date2 = 

|established_event9 = 
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|area_rank =
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|area_km2 = 
|area_sq_mi = 
|area_footnote = 
|percent_water =
|area_label = 
|area_label2 = 
|area_data2 = 
|population_estimate =
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|population_census =
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|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_rank =
|GDP_PPP = 
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_year =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal =
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|GDP_nominal_per_capita =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|Gini = 
|Gini_ref = 
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|Gini_year =
|HDI = 
|HDI_ref = 
|HDI_rank =
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|currency = 
|currency_code = 
|time_zone = 
|utc_offset = 
|time_zone_DST = 
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|antipodes = 
|date_format = 
|drives_on = 
|cctld = 
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|image_map3 = 
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|footnote_a = 
|footnote_b = 

|footnote_h = 
|footnotes = 
|patron_saint =
}}

==Etymology==

The name Khobeh comes from the historical city ''Ŋkrɔ́bɛ̀'' (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]), meaning "central city" in [[Middle Bosso]] (from the words "ŋkrɔ́" (city; village) and "bɛ̀" (middle)), which became ''Khɔ́bɛ̀'' in modern [[Nyamu]].

==History==
===Bosso Empire===

{{main|Bosso Empire}} (WIP)

===Khobeh Confederation===
[[File:Bossostates.png|thumb|Fragmented Bosso kingdoms after the collapse of the Bosso Empire]]
Shortly after the collapse of the [[Bosso Empire]] in 2327 CY, four kingdoms arose from its former provinces, each of which were named after the dynasties of their ruling chiefs; the former province Alanku became Bosso-Kafue, the former province Ilafu became Bosso-Luakor, the former province Odo became Bosso-Muadu, the former province Eshinku became Bosso-Afa. The rulers of these four kingdoms each claimed to be the de jure successors of the Empire (hence the kingdoms' names starting with "Bosso"), and sought to reunite the former Bosso territories under their dynasty. The Hlong kingdom of [[Mongklor]] was also founded, but did not claim Bosso succession. Contention between the four Bosso kingdoms sparked a 5-year war, eventually ending in a stalemate.

After the war officially ended, the four kings involved appeared at the historic city of Khobeh (modern-day [[Kashinkhor]]) in 2535 CY to sign the ''Kàri-Jąkhą'' treaty, unifying the four nations as the Khobeh Confederation. The Confederation was successful until the same power struggles arose again, causing civil war between the regions and the secession of Bosso-Afa from the Confederation in 2677 CY. Warrior [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]] overthrew the king of the Kafue region with the help of several other clan leaders, eventually conquering the remaining Confederation and crowning himself king of a centralized Khobeh in 2727 CY.

===Early Kingdom===

===Involvement in Copper War===

===Kayabi Conflict===

{{main|Kayabi Conflict}} (WIP)

==Politics==

===Government===
Khobeh is an elective constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the king (''mbolu''), currently Mbolu Ndàkàri Jubùlà Kàṣi, who is appointed by the Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor. The king exercises executive authority in accordance with the Nkuna Gbu ("great law"). By the Nkuna Gbu, the Royal Assembly has the authority to repeal any decrees from and depose the current king.

==== Royal Assembly ====
The Royal Assembly of Kashinkhor (''Ndizu Kàṣiŋkhɔla'') is the bicameral legislative body of Khobeh. The Royal Assembly is composed of the Mbuyandizu, which consists of the four ''mbuya'' belonging to each of the four provinces of Khobeh, and the Ndizu-Gburu, which consists of 15 democratically elected officials. The Ndizu-Gburu was formerly a religious assembly of [[Aku Kwabolu|Aku Biakor]] clerics until [X date/event]. The Ndizu-Gburu elects one of the ''mbuya'' from the Mbuyandizu to be the head of the Royal Assembly.

===Administrative divisions===
Khobeh is divided into four provinces (''aju''), namely Kafue, Luakor, Muadu, and Jaara. The Kafue, Luakor, and Muadu provinces correlate with the historical Confederation kingdoms in both names and borders. The Jaara province was established in 2736 CY after [[Bų̄̀lą̀ Akpàlamùą̀ Kàṣi]]'s conquest of land inhabited by the Jaara people in the west. The provinces of Khobeh are further divided into districts (''mbinga'', "border"), of which there are X overall. The districts of Khobeh are further divided into towns (''ŋkhɔ''). Each of Khobeh's provinces, except Jaara, are dually ruled by both a ''mbuya'', who is elected by the Provincial Assembly of the respective region, and a ''mbolu-ajula'', a hereditary king hailing from the individual dynasties of the Confederation. The Jaara province does not have a Provincial Assembly or a ''mbolu-ajula'' and is governed by a ''mbuya'' appointed by the Royal Assembly directly.

===Foreign relations===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
The Khobehi population include four main ethnic groups; the [[Nyamu]] being the largest, along with the Hlong, Gara, and Nganka. [[Jaara people]] (mixed Hlong-Gara minority inhabiting the northwestern areas of Khobeh) and smaller minorities of Dzuma immigrants from either [[Afa]] or [[Bomakwodor]] are also present.

===Language===
The official language of Khobeh is [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]], with minority languages such as Hlong and Gara being spoken in the northern regions and Nganka spoken in the southwestern regions. Bilingualism is prominent within urban areas in Khobeh, even among the Nyamu majority. The use of [[Bosso language|Bosso]] is also commonplace, though solely in religious context. Bosso is used as a general sacred language for all religions, including non-indigenous minority religions.

===Religion===
[[Aku Kwabolu]] is the most widely practiced religion in Khobeh, with [[Aku Biakor]] being the most widespread sect in the country. The Khobehi government formerly espoused Aku Biakor as a national sect in X CY, due to its popularity and the fact that much of the Royal Assembly was Aku Biakor adherents. After [some religious event], the Royal Assembly decided that the Khobehi government would not espouse any religion or sect. Khobeh also has smaller minorities of other Aku Kwabolu sects dispersed throughout the nation, such as [insert sect here]. The non-Aku Kwabolu population is Khobeh is very small and consists of either non-Bosso ethnic diasporas (i.e Dzumas) or Khobehis who have converted to a religion not indigenous to the eastern Nkungu area.

==Culture==

===Art===

===Music===
The music of Khobeh primarily includes indigenous Nyamu music and the distinguished modernized variants stemming from it, with some influences from the minority cultures of the nation. Khobeh has been well-known for its intricate musical traditions and forms, varying from melismatic acapella music to complex drumming cadences with improvised interpolations, which have largely influenced that of the rest of the eastern Nkungu area. Within Khobehi culture, there is a traditional divide between vernacular music (''shanyia'' | ''ṣàñia'') and high class music (''shafelila'' | ''ṣàfelilà''), both having their own set of distinct rhythms and instrumentation to match certain situations. ''Shanyia'' music is highly resemblant of Nyamu folk music; monophonic, improvisational, and following call-and-response patterns. ''Shanyia'' music is often either played at generic celebrations and festivals for dancing, or to accompany labor. ''Shafelila'' music, on the other hand, features more complex heterophonic melodies and does not feature call-and-response patterns. Melodic lines may be improvised as in ''shanyia'', but are set to fixed lyrics. ''Shafelila'' music is often either played in praise of nobility or royalty, or for religious ceremonies.

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Nyaka language

2023-09-14T21:26:49Z

Thae: /* Current status and society */

'''Nyaka''' (Nyaka: ''ñaka'' or ''yaka'' [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]), also known as '''Yaka''', or '''Jala-jala''' is a [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]-based pidgin language spoken internationally as a ''lingua franca'' throughout the eastern and central Nkungu area. The language contends with its originator [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] as one of the most widely spoken languages within the eastern Nkungu area. Speakers of the language tend to regard Nyaka as either a language seperate from Nyamu, a Nyamu dialect, or – especially among Kwukwu populations – Nyamu itself. The language is also viewed as a "poor man's language" within eastern Nkungu society, being spoken by mostly uneducated people, tradesmen, and merchants. Unlike Nyamu, Nyaka has no official recognition in any of the countries it is spoken in.

{{Infobox language
| name = Nyaka
| nativename = Ñaka, Yaka
| pronunciation = [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]
| states = eastern Nkungu, [[Khobeh]], [[Afa]]
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Bossoid]]
| fam3 =[[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==Varieties==
Nyaka has many varieties belonging to each of the many groups that speak it. These varieties often use words or syntax from, or pronunciation emulating, the local languages of the area it is spoken in. For example, Northern Nyaka and its subvarieties use words loaned from Hlong and Gara, while Southern Nyaka draws its loanwords from Nganka, Dzuma, or Afa Nyamu. The three main Nyaka varieties are Northern Nyaka (also known as [[Khobeh]] Nyaka), Southern Nyaka (also known as [[Afa]] Nyaka), and Kwukwu Nyaka. Each of these main varieties have several subvarieties differing among countries, ethnic groups, districts, and cities. Due to the diversity of Nyaka varieties, certain lects are not mutually intelligible with others.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Differences in Nyaka varieties
!
!English
!Standard Nyamu
!Northern Nyaka
!Southern Nyaka
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |[The] man does not want to go to Kashinkhor
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkhɔfa bali''
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkɔ/Kàṣiklɔ ba sɔ̀ da''
|''Ña Ṣikkɔ ba nsɔ̀ nzì / Ña Ṣikkɔ ba mù nzì''
|-
!IPA
|/ɲá kàɕíŋˈkʰɔ́fá ˈbálí/
|/ɲá kàˈɕíŋkɔ́ - kàˈɕíklɔ́ bá sɔ̀ dá/
|/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá ⁿsɔ̀ ⁿzì/
/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá mù ⁿzì/
|-
!Gloss
|man Kashinkhor go-DES.NEG
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want without)
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want NEG* / man Kashinkhor go love NEG)
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |Candada ate fish with his uncle
|''Candada ùda buwuwu kùla jūma''
|''Candada bwɔkɔ kùla diza ùdu jū bata''
|''Caddada bubu kù là gbà ùru akpà''
|-
!IPA
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈùdá búˈwúwú ˈkùlá ˈd͡ʑuː́má/
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈbwɔ́kɔ́ kùlá dízá ˈùdú ˈ d͡ʑuː́ ˈbátá/
|/t͡ʃádːádá ˈbúbú kù là g͡bà ˈùɾú ák͡pà/
|-
!Gloss
|Candada fish-SG.ACC uncle-SG.INSTC 3S-GEN eat-PST
|Candada uncle 3S-GEN together fish eat PST**
|Candada uncle 3S PST*** take fish eat
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka negative ''nzì'' is from the Gaanin Dzuma negative particle ''nzì'' (from the standard Dzuma ''ndìì'')

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The Northern Nyaka past tense particle ''bata'' is from the past tense form of the Nyamu verb ''ba'' ('to go')

<nowiki>***</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka past tense particle ''là'' is loaned from the Dzuma past tense particle ''là''

==Current status and society==
Nyaka is one of the most widely spoken languages in eastern Nkungu, contending with [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]. While the Nyamu language became widespread due to the cultural influence of Khobeh within the eastern Nkungu sphere, Nyaka sprouted as a byproduct of interaction between the Nyamu and other ethnic groups. Although being a widespread language, the many groups and areas wherein Nyaka is spoken all have differing ways in which they use and view the language. Within predominantly Nyamu communities, Nyaka is hidden and often solely a spoken language used among intimate individuals, i.e family and friends. The use of Nyaka in situations calling for respect or formality is oftentimes considered disrespectful. Among non-Nyamu communities, however, Nyaka is openly used as a lingua franca regardless of situation and is often interspersed in speech with the local language(s) of the community. Nyaka has no written literature as it is rarely ever written.

==Phonology==
While Nyaka phonology is conventionally similar to that of Nyamu, Nyaka also varies in phonology depending on the variety spoken. The prevalence of certain phonemes may be influenced by the local languages of an area. For example, the Northern Nyaka /ɕ/ and /ʑ/ is often /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ in Southern Nyaka, or both sets may be pronounced in free variation in other varieties. Kwukwu Nyaka is particularly phonologically divergent from other Nyaka dialects especially since it does not feature tones, due to its speakers being native speakers of the atonal Kwukwu languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Postalveolar
! rowspan="2" |Alveolopalatal 6
! rowspan="2" |Retroflex
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m 1
|n
|
|
|
|ɲ 7
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="5" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|
|
|
|
|k
|k͡p 13
|ʔ 9
|-
! aspirated 2
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|
|
|
| kʰ
|k͡pʰ
|
|-
!voiced
|b
|d 11
|
|
|
|
|g
|ɡ͡b 13
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|
|
|
|
|ᵑk
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|
|
|
|
|ᵑg
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f 4
|s
|ʃ
|ɕ
|
|
|x 8
|
|
|-
!voiced
|v 4
| z
|ʒ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
| ⁿs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
| ts 5
|t͡ʃ
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|dz 5
|d͡ʒ
|d͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
|
|ⁿt͡ʃ
|ⁿt͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|
|ⁿd͡ʒ
|ⁿd͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ 12
|
|
|ɽ 9
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|}
1 /m/ is not present in Kwukwu Nyaka but rather realized as [w̃~w]

2 Aspirated consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu speakers, whereas other varieties either do not aspirate or make any distinction between aspirated and unaspirated consonants.

3 Northern and Kwukwu varieties do not include prenasalized consonants

4 /f/ and /v/ are realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [ʍ~ɸʷ~w] and [βʷ~w]

5 In northeastern dialects, /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are realized as [s] and [z]

6 Alveolopalatal consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu and some Hlong speakers, whereas other varieties substitute them for either postalveolar or alveolar consonants

7 Realized as [j] in southern and central dialects

8 Not present in Kwukwu Nyaka

9 Exclusive to Kwukwu Nyaka

11 Often realized as [ɾ] intervocally in southern and central dialects

12 Influenced by Kafue Nyamu, also realized as [ɹ] in northern dialects

13 /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ realized as [p] and [b] in central dialects
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!Back
|-
!Closed
| i
|u
|-
!Closed-mid
|e
|o
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ 1
|ɔ
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|}
1 Realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [æ~a]

==Morphology==

===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Nyaka language

2023-09-14T21:24:10Z

Thae: /* Current status and society */

'''Nyaka''' (Nyaka: ''ñaka'' or ''yaka'' [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]), also known as '''Yaka''', or '''Jala-jala''' is a [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]-based pidgin language spoken internationally as a ''lingua franca'' throughout the eastern and central Nkungu area. The language contends with its originator [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] as one of the most widely spoken languages within the eastern Nkungu area. Speakers of the language tend to regard Nyaka as either a language seperate from Nyamu, a Nyamu dialect, or – especially among Kwukwu populations – Nyamu itself. The language is also viewed as a "poor man's language" within eastern Nkungu society, being spoken by mostly uneducated people, tradesmen, and merchants. Unlike Nyamu, Nyaka has no official recognition in any of the countries it is spoken in.

{{Infobox language
| name = Nyaka
| nativename = Ñaka, Yaka
| pronunciation = [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]
| states = eastern Nkungu, [[Khobeh]], [[Afa]]
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Bossoid]]
| fam3 =[[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==Varieties==
Nyaka has many varieties belonging to each of the many groups that speak it. These varieties often use words or syntax from, or pronunciation emulating, the local languages of the area it is spoken in. For example, Northern Nyaka and its subvarieties use words loaned from Hlong and Gara, while Southern Nyaka draws its loanwords from Nganka, Dzuma, or Afa Nyamu. The three main Nyaka varieties are Northern Nyaka (also known as [[Khobeh]] Nyaka), Southern Nyaka (also known as [[Afa]] Nyaka), and Kwukwu Nyaka. Each of these main varieties have several subvarieties differing among countries, ethnic groups, districts, and cities. Due to the diversity of Nyaka varieties, certain lects are not mutually intelligible with others.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Differences in Nyaka varieties
!
!English
!Standard Nyamu
!Northern Nyaka
!Southern Nyaka
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |[The] man does not want to go to Kashinkhor
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkhɔfa bali''
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkɔ/Kàṣiklɔ ba sɔ̀ da''
|''Ña Ṣikkɔ ba nsɔ̀ nzì / Ña Ṣikkɔ ba mù nzì''
|-
!IPA
|/ɲá kàɕíŋˈkʰɔ́fá ˈbálí/
|/ɲá kàˈɕíŋkɔ́ - kàˈɕíklɔ́ bá sɔ̀ dá/
|/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá ⁿsɔ̀ ⁿzì/
/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá mù ⁿzì/
|-
!Gloss
|man Kashinkhor go-DES.NEG
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want without)
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want NEG* / man Kashinkhor go love NEG)
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |Candada ate fish with his uncle
|''Candada ùda buwuwu kùla jūma''
|''Candada bwɔkɔ kùla diza ùdu jū bata''
|''Caddada bubu kù là gbà ùru akpà''
|-
!IPA
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈùdá búˈwúwú ˈkùlá ˈd͡ʑuː́má/
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈbwɔ́kɔ́ kùlá dízá ˈùdú ˈ d͡ʑuː́ ˈbátá/
|/t͡ʃádːádá ˈbúbú kù là g͡bà ˈùɾú ák͡pà/
|-
!Gloss
|Candada fish-SG.ACC uncle-SG.INSTC 3S-GEN eat-PST
|Candada uncle 3S-GEN together fish eat PST**
|Candada uncle 3S PST*** take fish eat
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka negative ''nzì'' is from the Gaanin Dzuma negative particle ''nzì'' (from the standard Dzuma ''ndìì'')

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The Northern Nyaka past tense particle ''bata'' is from the past tense form of the Nyamu verb ''ba'' ('to go')

<nowiki>***</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka past tense particle ''là'' is loaned from the Dzuma past tense particle ''là''

==Current status and society==
Nyaka is one of the most widely spoken languages in eastern Nkungu, contending with [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]. While the Nyamu language became widespread due to the cultural influence of Khobeh within the eastern Nkungu sphere, Nyaka sprouted as a byproduct of the interaction between the Nyamu and other ethnic groups. Although being a widespread language, the many groups and areas wherein Nyaka is spoken all have differing ways in which they use and view the language. Within predominantly Nyamu communities, Nyaka is hidden and often solely a spoken language used among intimate individuals, i.e family and friends. The use of Nyaka in situations calling for respect or formality is oftentimes considered disrespectful. Among non-Nyamu communities, however, Nyaka is openly used as a lingua franca regardless of situation and is often interspersed in speech with the local language(s) of the community. Nyaka has no written literature as it is rarely ever written.

==Phonology==
While Nyaka phonology is conventionally similar to that of Nyamu, Nyaka also varies in phonology depending on the variety spoken. The prevalence of certain phonemes may be influenced by the local languages of an area. For example, the Northern Nyaka /ɕ/ and /ʑ/ is often /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ in Southern Nyaka, or both sets may be pronounced in free variation in other varieties. Kwukwu Nyaka is particularly phonologically divergent from other Nyaka dialects especially since it does not feature tones, due to its speakers being native speakers of the atonal Kwukwu languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Postalveolar
! rowspan="2" |Alveolopalatal 6
! rowspan="2" |Retroflex
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m 1
|n
|
|
|
|ɲ 7
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="5" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|
|
|
|
|k
|k͡p 13
|ʔ 9
|-
! aspirated 2
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|
|
|
| kʰ
|k͡pʰ
|
|-
!voiced
|b
|d 11
|
|
|
|
|g
|ɡ͡b 13
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|
|
|
|
|ᵑk
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|
|
|
|
|ᵑg
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f 4
|s
|ʃ
|ɕ
|
|
|x 8
|
|
|-
!voiced
|v 4
| z
|ʒ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
| ⁿs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
| ts 5
|t͡ʃ
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|dz 5
|d͡ʒ
|d͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
|
|ⁿt͡ʃ
|ⁿt͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|
|ⁿd͡ʒ
|ⁿd͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ 12
|
|
|ɽ 9
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|}
1 /m/ is not present in Kwukwu Nyaka but rather realized as [w̃~w]

2 Aspirated consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu speakers, whereas other varieties either do not aspirate or make any distinction between aspirated and unaspirated consonants.

3 Northern and Kwukwu varieties do not include prenasalized consonants

4 /f/ and /v/ are realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [ʍ~ɸʷ~w] and [βʷ~w]

5 In northeastern dialects, /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are realized as [s] and [z]

6 Alveolopalatal consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu and some Hlong speakers, whereas other varieties substitute them for either postalveolar or alveolar consonants

7 Realized as [j] in southern and central dialects

8 Not present in Kwukwu Nyaka

9 Exclusive to Kwukwu Nyaka

11 Often realized as [ɾ] intervocally in southern and central dialects

12 Influenced by Kafue Nyamu, also realized as [ɹ] in northern dialects

13 /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ realized as [p] and [b] in central dialects
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!Back
|-
!Closed
| i
|u
|-
!Closed-mid
|e
|o
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ 1
|ɔ
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|}
1 Realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [æ~a]

==Morphology==

===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Nyaka language

2023-09-14T21:17:01Z

Thae:

'''Nyaka''' (Nyaka: ''ñaka'' or ''yaka'' [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]), also known as '''Yaka''', or '''Jala-jala''' is a [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]-based pidgin language spoken internationally as a ''lingua franca'' throughout the eastern and central Nkungu area. The language contends with its originator [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]] as one of the most widely spoken languages within the eastern Nkungu area. Speakers of the language tend to regard Nyaka as either a language seperate from Nyamu, a Nyamu dialect, or – especially among Kwukwu populations – Nyamu itself. The language is also viewed as a "poor man's language" within eastern Nkungu society, being spoken by mostly uneducated people, tradesmen, and merchants. Unlike Nyamu, Nyaka has no official recognition in any of the countries it is spoken in.

{{Infobox language
| name = Nyaka
| nativename = Ñaka, Yaka
| pronunciation = [ˈɲaka~ˈjaka]
| states = eastern Nkungu, [[Khobeh]], [[Afa]]
| ethnicity =
| era =
| familycolor = Juru
| fam2 = [[Juru languages|Bossoid]]
| fam3 =[[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =
| nation =
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==Varieties==
Nyaka has many varieties belonging to each of the many groups that speak it. These varieties often use words or syntax from, or pronunciation emulating, the local languages of the area it is spoken in. For example, Northern Nyaka and its subvarieties use words loaned from Hlong and Gara, while Southern Nyaka draws its loanwords from Nganka, Dzuma, or Afa Nyamu. The three main Nyaka varieties are Northern Nyaka (also known as [[Khobeh]] Nyaka), Southern Nyaka (also known as [[Afa]] Nyaka), and Kwukwu Nyaka. Each of these main varieties have several subvarieties differing among countries, ethnic groups, districts, and cities. Due to the diversity of Nyaka varieties, certain lects are not mutually intelligible with others.
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 68%;"
|+Differences in Nyaka varieties
!
!English
!Standard Nyamu
!Northern Nyaka
!Southern Nyaka
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |[The] man does not want to go to Kashinkhor
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkhɔfa bali''
|''Ña Kàṣiŋkɔ/Kàṣiklɔ ba sɔ̀ da''
|''Ña Ṣikkɔ ba nsɔ̀ nzì / Ña Ṣikkɔ ba mù nzì''
|-
!IPA
|/ɲá kàɕíŋˈkʰɔ́fá ˈbálí/
|/ɲá kàˈɕíŋkɔ́ - kàˈɕíklɔ́ bá sɔ̀ dá/
|/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá ⁿsɔ̀ ⁿzì/
/ɲá~ɟʲá ɕíkːɔ́ bá mù ⁿzì/
|-
!Gloss
|man Kashinkhor go-DES.NEG
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want without)
|man Kashinkhor go DES NEG(man Kashinkhor go want NEG* / man Kashinkhor go love NEG)
|-
!Text
| rowspan="3" |Candada ate fish with his uncle
|''Candada ùda buwuwu kùla jūma''
|''Candada bwɔkɔ kùla diza ùdu jū bata''
|''Caddada bubu kù là gbà ùru akpà''
|-
!IPA
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈùdá búˈwúwú ˈkùlá ˈd͡ʑuː́má/
|/t͡ɕándádá ˈbwɔ́kɔ́ kùlá dízá ˈùdú ˈ d͡ʑuː́ ˈbátá/
|/t͡ʃádːádá ˈbúbú kù là g͡bà ˈùɾú ák͡pà/
|-
!Gloss
|Candada fish-SG.ACC uncle-SG.INSTC 3S-GEN eat-PST
|Candada uncle 3S-GEN together fish eat PST**
|Candada uncle 3S PST*** take fish eat
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka negative ''nzì'' is from the Gaanin Dzuma negative particle ''nzì'' (from the standard Dzuma ''ndìì'')

<nowiki>**</nowiki>The Northern Nyaka past tense particle ''bata'' is from the past tense form of the Nyamu verb ''ba'' ('to go')

<nowiki>***</nowiki>The Southern Nyaka past tense particle ''là'' is loaned from the Dzuma past tense particle ''là''

==Current status and society==
Nyaka is one of the most widely spoken languages in eastern Nkungu, contending with [[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]. While the Nyamu language became widespread due to the cultural influence of Khobeh within the eastern Nkungu sphere, Nyaka's popularity is largely due to its simplicity and its association with being a language for the public. Although being a widespread language, the many groups and areas wherein Nyaka is spoken all have differing ways in which they use and view the language. Within predominantly Nyamu communities, Nyaka is hidden and often solely a spoken language used among intimate individuals, i.e family and friends. The use of Nyaka in situations calling for respect or formality is oftentimes considered disrespectful. Among non-Nyamu communities, however, Nyaka is openly used as a lingua franca regardless of situation and is often interspersed in speech with the local language(s) of the community. Nyaka has no written literature as it is rarely ever written.

==Phonology==
While Nyaka phonology is conventionally similar to that of Nyamu, Nyaka also varies in phonology depending on the variety spoken. The prevalence of certain phonemes may be influenced by the local languages of an area. For example, the Northern Nyaka /ɕ/ and /ʑ/ is often /ʃ/ and /ʒ/ in Southern Nyaka, or both sets may be pronounced in free variation in other varieties. Kwukwu Nyaka is particularly phonologically divergent from other Nyaka dialects especially since it does not feature tones, due to its speakers being native speakers of the atonal Kwukwu languages.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar
! rowspan="2" |Postalveolar
! rowspan="2" |Alveolopalatal 6
! rowspan="2" |Retroflex
! rowspan="2" |Palatal
! colspan="2" |Velar
! rowspan="2" |Glottal
|-
!plain
!labial
|-
! colspan="3" |Nasal
|m 1
|n
|
|
|
|ɲ 7
|ŋ
|
|
|-
! rowspan="5" |Plosive
! rowspan="3" |normal
!voiceless
|p
|t
|
|
|
|
|k
|k͡p 13
|ʔ 9
|-
! aspirated 2
|pʰ
|tʰ
|
|
|
|
| kʰ
|k͡pʰ
|
|-
!voiced
|b
|d 11
|
|
|
|
|g
|ɡ͡b 13
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|ᵐp
|ⁿt
|
|
|
|
|ᵑk
|
|
|-
!voiced
|ᵐb
|ⁿd
|
|
|
|
|ᵑg
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Fricative
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|f 4
|s
|ʃ
|ɕ
|
|
|x 8
|
|
|-
!voiced
|v 4
| z
|ʒ
|ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
| ⁿs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|ⁿz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Affricate
! rowspan="2" |normal
!voiceless
|
| ts 5
|t͡ʃ
|t͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|dz 5
|d͡ʒ
|d͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |prenasalized 3
!voiceless
|
|
|ⁿt͡ʃ
|ⁿt͡ɕ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!voiced
|
|
|ⁿd͡ʒ
|ⁿd͡ʑ
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Tap
|
|ɾ 12
|
|
|ɽ 9
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="3" |Approximant
|w
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|}
1 /m/ is not present in Kwukwu Nyaka but rather realized as [w̃~w]

2 Aspirated consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu speakers, whereas other varieties either do not aspirate or make any distinction between aspirated and unaspirated consonants.

3 Northern and Kwukwu varieties do not include prenasalized consonants

4 /f/ and /v/ are realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [ʍ~ɸʷ~w] and [βʷ~w]

5 In northeastern dialects, /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are realized as [s] and [z]

6 Alveolopalatal consonants tend to only be present among Nyamu and some Hlong speakers, whereas other varieties substitute them for either postalveolar or alveolar consonants

7 Realized as [j] in southern and central dialects

8 Not present in Kwukwu Nyaka

9 Exclusive to Kwukwu Nyaka

11 Often realized as [ɾ] intervocally in southern and central dialects

12 Influenced by Kafue Nyamu, also realized as [ɹ] in northern dialects

13 /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/ realized as [p] and [b] in central dialects
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Front
!Back
|-
!Closed
| i
|u
|-
!Closed-mid
|e
|o
|-
!Open-mid
|ɛ 1
|ɔ
|-
!Open
| colspan="2" |a
|}
1 Realized in Kwukwu Nyaka as [æ~a]

==Morphology==

===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Juru languages]]

Marphat calendar

2023-09-14T21:03:18Z

Thae: /* In various languages */

The '''Marphat calendar''' is a calendar in use across [[Ashnan]], [[Etzavaz]], and [[Yazland]], originally used in [[Marphat]], with year 1 being the ascendance to power of [[Name the Primeval|King Name]], making the current year 4627 [[Human history|CY]] ('''C'''ommon '''Y'''ear). Its origins are unknown, but likely came out of local calendars in use across the [[Triangle sea]]. Due to the Marphat civilisation's influence on trade within the region, the calendar became the main one used in the area.

The Marphat calendar has a three-year cycle approximating the solar year as lasting 295.{{overline|665}} days, putting the year slightly under the actual solar year, meaning the calendar loses a day about every 10,000 years. The original calendrical system did not include the 200-year rule, meaning it gained a day every 200 years - this rule was added in WHENEVER by WHOEVER in WHEREVER. WE SHOULD THINK MORE ABOUT THIS.

== Description ==
The Marphat calendar is a solar calendar with 10 months of 29–30 days each. The year consists of 296 days, with a leap day being removed from Bōmē in the leap years.

A leap year normally occurs every three years, normally on the third year of the calendar cycle, and every 200 years.

=== Months ===
Years are divided in 10 months, which all have [[Marphat languages|Marphat]] names. Years are identified by consecutive year numbers. A calendar date is fully specified by the year (numbered according to a calendar era, in this case ''CY'' or ''BCY''), the month (identified by name or number), and the day of the month (numbered sequentially starting from 1).

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! {{abbr|No.|Number}} !! Name !! Etymology !! Length in days
|-
| 1 || Mazē || ''mazē'' "god, king" || 30
|-
| 2 || Weθel || ''weθel'' "spirit, ghost" || 29
|-
| 3 || Pammeter || ''pammeter'' "sky, heaven" || 30
|-
| 4 || Tokko || ''tokko'' "wind" || 29
|-
| 5 || Sakkō || ''sakkō'' "river" || 30
|-
| 6 || Demma || ''demma'' "mountain" || 29
|-
| 7 || Julon || ''julon'' "man, person" || 30
|-
| 8 || Hunti† || ''hunti'' "pig" || 29
|-
| 9 || Gūhē || ''gūhē'' "ant, beetle" || 30
|-
| 10 || Bōmē || ''bōmē'' "ground, earth" || 30‡
|}

† or Unti; /h/ generally not written

‡ Every 3 years and every 200 years, this month is 29 days. Every 600 years the month is instead 28 days.

====In various languages====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Month !! Mazē !! Weθel !! Pammeter !! Tokko !! Sakkō !! Demma !! Julon !! Hunti !! Gūhē !! Bōmē
|-
! [[Rausin language|Rausin]]
| ''Masaî''
| ''Vaisail''
| ''Pâmaitair''
| ''Taûχau''
| ''Saχau''
| ''Taîma''
| ''Julaun''
| ''Unti''
| ''Kûvaî''
| ''Paûmaî''
|-
! [[Classical Dhimze language|Classical Dhimze]]
| ''Māsāi''
| ''Uāisāl''
| ''Pāmitra''
| ''Tōkhā''
| ''Sākhā''
| ''Tāimā''
| ''Iulān''
| ''Unti''
| ''Kuuāi''
| ''Pōmāi''
|-
! [[Dhimze language|Modern Dhimze]]
| ''Masi''
| ''Vaisli''
| ''Pamiṙi''
| ''Tokhi''
| ''Sakhi''
| ''Taimi''
| ''Juli''
| ''Uni''
| ''Kvai''
| ''Pomi''
|-
! [[Classical Doccábh]]
| ''Massaig''
| ''Aissr''
| ''Baimitr''
| ''Tóca''
| ''Saca''
| ''Taime''
| ''Giulan''
| ''Uinte''
| ''Cubaig''
| ''Bómaig''
|-
! [[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]]
| ''Masaach''
| ''Aser''
| ''Bamisser''
| ''Toochå''
| ''Sacha''
| ''Tame''
| ''Schulon''
| ''Unto''
| ''Kuvååch''
| ''Boomåch''
|-
! [[Kholic language|Kholic]]
| ''maz₁eʕ''
| ''wes₁el''
| ''paʕmedr''
| ''toʕko''
| ''s₂aʕko''
| ''deʕma''
| ''julon''
| ''unti''
| ''guħeʕ''
| ''boʕmeʕ''
|-
! [[Dirhassian language|Dirhassian]]
| ''máz''
| ''ösö''
| ''pándar''
| ''tók''
| ''sák''
| ''dém''
| ''ülön''
| ''unt''
| ''gő''
| ''vóm''
|-
! [[Hashdezi language|Hashdezi]]
| ''maẓa''
| ''wesel''
| ''pameddr''
| ''ṭok''
| ''ṣak''
| ''ḍema''
| ''juló''
| ''út''
| ''guch''
| ''bom''
|-
! [[Agisian language|Agisian]]
| ''maẓy''
| ''vesyl''
| ''pamtyr''
| ''ṭoky''
| ''ṣaky''
| ''ḍemy''
| ''julo''
| ''ut''
| ''guhy''
| ''bomy''
|-
! [[Shoghashti language|Shoghashti]]
| ''mazyā''
| ''weδer''
| ''pāmater''
| ''tōkʷo''
| ''sākʷō''
| ''dyāma''
| ''yorōn''
| ''γʷonti''
| ''gōhyā''
| ''bōmyā''
|-
! [[Erayi language|Modern Standard Erayi]]
| ''mizoya''
| ''veler''
| ''põvõter''
| ''tuxo''
| ''saxu''
| ''dõyõvõ''
| ''yorõ''
| ''võdh''
| ''guhoya''
| ''bõvõya''
|-
![[Sngemscixngwài]]
|''qòi qò Ma''
|''qòi qò Que''
|''qòi qò Pam''
|''qòi qò Toaq''
|''qòi qò Saq''
|''qòi qò T'em''
|''qòi qò Ru''
|''qòi qò Hum''
|''qòi qò K'u''
|''qòi qò P'oa''
|-
![[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
|''mazi''
|''weseli''
|''pameri''
|''toku''
|''saku''
|''dema''
|''yulu''
|''wundi''
|''gohi''
|''bomi''
|}

=== Weeks ===
Weeks are also divided into 10 days, meaning that there are almost exactly three weeks per month. As the Marphat did not name the days of the week, their names come from various sources, with the most common being [[Proto-Yasgan language|Yasgan]].

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! {{abbr|No.|Number}} !! Name !! Etymology
|-
| 1 || || ''*kʰrī́bəkʰəs'' "day of the Moon Goddess"
|-
| 2 || || ''*ǵwāudwír̥əkʰəs'' "day of the Sun God"
|-
| 3 || || ''*pʰīr̥eʔr̩ikʷs'' "day of the Storm God"
|-
| 4 || || ''*trākér̥taks'' "day of seas"
|-
| 5 || || ''*ʔústēgəkʰəs'' "day of trees"
|-
| 6 || || ''*pʰəuḱégeks'' "day of mountains"
|-
| 7 || || ''*hādwakeks'' "day of the village"
|-
| 8 || || ''*kʰéutʰəkʰəs'' "day of the father"
|-
| 9 || || ''*bāʔíəkʰəs'' "day of the mother"
|-
| 10 || || ''*pʰéiəkʰəs'' "day of the Goddess of Life"
|}

==== In various languages ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Day !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10
|-
! [[Classical Dhimze language|Classical Dhimze]]
| ''Bineriādzin''
| ''Judzidzin''
| ''Phirāqadzin''
| ''Trakardzin''
| ''Qusdzin''
| ''Phocedzin''
| ''Ādhākedzin''
| ''Xotadzin''
| ''Bāqidzin''
| ''Pheiadzin''
|-
! [[Dhimze language|Dhimze]]
| ''Bineridze''
| ''Judzidze''
| ''Piradze''
| ''Ṙakardze''
| ''Qsidze''
| ''Pcedze''
| ''Adakdze''
| ''Khotidze''
| ''Baqidze''
| ''Peadze''
|-
! [[Classical Doccábh]]
| ''Crísscn''
| ''Bóidersscn''
| ''Írnersscn''
| ''Dairgesscn''
| ''Uistísscn''
| ''Oigesscn''
| ''Fráignicn''
| ''Múirnicn''
| ''Déscicn''
| ''Sóinicn''
|-
! [[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]]
| ''Krüvkess''
| ''Schüüswikess''
| ''Pöörichs''
| ''Dergessken''
| ''Uustyysskon''
| ''Ochosskon''
| ''Vråchnychon''
| ''Muurnychon''
| ''Döskichen''
| ''Dydååjychs''
|-
![[Sngemscixngwài]]
|''t'ei qò Qòi''
|''t'ei qò Hwi''
|''t'ei qò Nyex''
|''t'ei qò Cha''
|''t'ei qò Sk'iq''
|''t'ei qò Puae''
|''t'ei qò Miaw''
|''t'ei qò Pàe''
|''t'ei qò Mae''
|''t'ei qò Si''
|}

== Terminology ==

The three cycles were named for times of day:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of cycle (Demma Marphat) !! Etymology
|-
| Elmeri || ''elmeri'' "morning"
|-
| Duwwa || ''duwwa'' "midday"
|-
| Zar || ''zar'' "night"
|-
|}

== History ==
yea

=== Fixing the drift ===

In the year 2673 CY, astronomer Cessncifi Gaidenneira published tables making a more accurate measurement of the length of the year, and presented these findings to the government, recommending that the 13 days be removed, and the 200-year rule be put in place. Deliberation on the matter was slow, but in the year 2676 the council decided that it would be put into place the next year, 2677, removing the thirteen days from the month of Bómaig.

Marphat calendar

2023-09-14T21:02:58Z

Thae: /* In various languages */

The '''Marphat calendar''' is a calendar in use across [[Ashnan]], [[Etzavaz]], and [[Yazland]], originally used in [[Marphat]], with year 1 being the ascendance to power of [[Name the Primeval|King Name]], making the current year 4627 [[Human history|CY]] ('''C'''ommon '''Y'''ear). Its origins are unknown, but likely came out of local calendars in use across the [[Triangle sea]]. Due to the Marphat civilisation's influence on trade within the region, the calendar became the main one used in the area.

The Marphat calendar has a three-year cycle approximating the solar year as lasting 295.{{overline|665}} days, putting the year slightly under the actual solar year, meaning the calendar loses a day about every 10,000 years. The original calendrical system did not include the 200-year rule, meaning it gained a day every 200 years - this rule was added in WHENEVER by WHOEVER in WHEREVER. WE SHOULD THINK MORE ABOUT THIS.

== Description ==
The Marphat calendar is a solar calendar with 10 months of 29–30 days each. The year consists of 296 days, with a leap day being removed from Bōmē in the leap years.

A leap year normally occurs every three years, normally on the third year of the calendar cycle, and every 200 years.

=== Months ===
Years are divided in 10 months, which all have [[Marphat languages|Marphat]] names. Years are identified by consecutive year numbers. A calendar date is fully specified by the year (numbered according to a calendar era, in this case ''CY'' or ''BCY''), the month (identified by name or number), and the day of the month (numbered sequentially starting from 1).

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! {{abbr|No.|Number}} !! Name !! Etymology !! Length in days
|-
| 1 || Mazē || ''mazē'' "god, king" || 30
|-
| 2 || Weθel || ''weθel'' "spirit, ghost" || 29
|-
| 3 || Pammeter || ''pammeter'' "sky, heaven" || 30
|-
| 4 || Tokko || ''tokko'' "wind" || 29
|-
| 5 || Sakkō || ''sakkō'' "river" || 30
|-
| 6 || Demma || ''demma'' "mountain" || 29
|-
| 7 || Julon || ''julon'' "man, person" || 30
|-
| 8 || Hunti† || ''hunti'' "pig" || 29
|-
| 9 || Gūhē || ''gūhē'' "ant, beetle" || 30
|-
| 10 || Bōmē || ''bōmē'' "ground, earth" || 30‡
|}

† or Unti; /h/ generally not written

‡ Every 3 years and every 200 years, this month is 29 days. Every 600 years the month is instead 28 days.

====In various languages====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Month !! Mazē !! Weθel !! Pammeter !! Tokko !! Sakkō !! Demma !! Julon !! Hunti !! Gūhē !! Bōmē
|-
! [[Rausin language|Rausin]]
| ''Masaî''
| ''Vaisail''
| ''Pâmaitair''
| ''Taûχau''
| ''Saχau''
| ''Taîma''
| ''Julaun''
| ''Unti''
| ''Kûvaî''
| ''Paûmaî''
|-
! [[Classical Dhimze language|Classical Dhimze]]
| ''Māsāi''
| ''Uāisāl''
| ''Pāmitra''
| ''Tōkhā''
| ''Sākhā''
| ''Tāimā''
| ''Iulān''
| ''Unti''
| ''Kuuāi''
| ''Pōmāi''
|-
! [[Dhimze language|Modern Dhimze]]
| ''Masi''
| ''Vaisli''
| ''Pamiṙi''
| ''Tokhi''
| ''Sakhi''
| ''Taimi''
| ''Juli''
| ''Uni''
| ''Kvai''
| ''Pomi''
|-
! [[Classical Doccábh]]
| ''Massaig''
| ''Aissr''
| ''Baimitr''
| ''Tóca''
| ''Saca''
| ''Taime''
| ''Giulan''
| ''Uinte''
| ''Cubaig''
| ''Bómaig''
|-
! [[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]]
| ''Masaach''
| ''Aser''
| ''Bamisser''
| ''Toochå''
| ''Sacha''
| ''Tame''
| ''Schulon''
| ''Unto''
| ''Kuvååch''
| ''Boomåch''
|-
! [[Kholic language|Kholic]]
| ''maz₁eʕ''
| ''wes₁el''
| ''paʕmedr''
| ''toʕko''
| ''s₂aʕko''
| ''deʕma''
| ''julon''
| ''unti''
| ''guħeʕ''
| ''boʕmeʕ''
|-
! [[Dirhassian language|Dirhassian]]
| ''máz''
| ''ösö''
| ''pándar''
| ''tók''
| ''sák''
| ''dém''
| ''ülön''
| ''unt''
| ''gő''
| ''vóm''
|-
! [[Hashdezi language|Hashdezi]]
| ''maẓa''
| ''wesel''
| ''pameddr''
| ''ṭok''
| ''ṣak''
| ''ḍema''
| ''juló''
| ''út''
| ''guch''
| ''bom''
|-
! [[Agisian language|Agisian]]
| ''maẓy''
| ''vesyl''
| ''pamtyr''
| ''ṭoky''
| ''ṣaky''
| ''ḍemy''
| ''julo''
| ''ut''
| ''guhy''
| ''bomy''
|-
! [[Shoghashti language|Shoghashti]]
| ''mazyā''
| ''weδer''
| ''pāmater''
| ''tōkʷo''
| ''sākʷō''
| ''dyāma''
| ''yorōn''
| ''γʷonti''
| ''gōhyā''
| ''bōmyā''
|-
! [[Erayi language|Modern Standard Erayi]]
| ''mizoya''
| ''veler''
| ''põvõter''
| ''tuxo''
| ''saxu''
| ''dõyõvõ''
| ''yorõ''
| ''võdh''
| ''guhoya''
| ''bõvõya''
|-
![[Sngemscixngwài]]
|''qòi qò Ma''
|''qòi qò Que''
|''qòi qò Pam''
|''qòi qò Toaq''
|''qòi qò Saq''
|''qòi qò T'em''
|''qòi qò Ru''
|''qòi qò Hum''
|''qòi qò K'u''
|''qòi qò P'oa''
|-
![[Nyamu language|Nyamu]]
|''mazi''
|''wesele''
|''pameri''
|''toku''
|''saku''
|''dema''
|''yulu''
|''wundi''
|''gohi''
|''bomi''
|}

=== Weeks ===
Weeks are also divided into 10 days, meaning that there are almost exactly three weeks per month. As the Marphat did not name the days of the week, their names come from various sources, with the most common being [[Proto-Yasgan language|Yasgan]].

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! {{abbr|No.|Number}} !! Name !! Etymology
|-
| 1 || || ''*kʰrī́bəkʰəs'' "day of the Moon Goddess"
|-
| 2 || || ''*ǵwāudwír̥əkʰəs'' "day of the Sun God"
|-
| 3 || || ''*pʰīr̥eʔr̩ikʷs'' "day of the Storm God"
|-
| 4 || || ''*trākér̥taks'' "day of seas"
|-
| 5 || || ''*ʔústēgəkʰəs'' "day of trees"
|-
| 6 || || ''*pʰəuḱégeks'' "day of mountains"
|-
| 7 || || ''*hādwakeks'' "day of the village"
|-
| 8 || || ''*kʰéutʰəkʰəs'' "day of the father"
|-
| 9 || || ''*bāʔíəkʰəs'' "day of the mother"
|-
| 10 || || ''*pʰéiəkʰəs'' "day of the Goddess of Life"
|}

==== In various languages ====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Day !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10
|-
! [[Classical Dhimze language|Classical Dhimze]]
| ''Bineriādzin''
| ''Judzidzin''
| ''Phirāqadzin''
| ''Trakardzin''
| ''Qusdzin''
| ''Phocedzin''
| ''Ādhākedzin''
| ''Xotadzin''
| ''Bāqidzin''
| ''Pheiadzin''
|-
! [[Dhimze language|Dhimze]]
| ''Bineridze''
| ''Judzidze''
| ''Piradze''
| ''Ṙakardze''
| ''Qsidze''
| ''Pcedze''
| ''Adakdze''
| ''Khotidze''
| ''Baqidze''
| ''Peadze''
|-
! [[Classical Doccábh]]
| ''Crísscn''
| ''Bóidersscn''
| ''Írnersscn''
| ''Dairgesscn''
| ''Uistísscn''
| ''Oigesscn''
| ''Fráignicn''
| ''Múirnicn''
| ''Déscicn''
| ''Sóinicn''
|-
! [[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]]
| ''Krüvkess''
| ''Schüüswikess''
| ''Pöörichs''
| ''Dergessken''
| ''Uustyysskon''
| ''Ochosskon''
| ''Vråchnychon''
| ''Muurnychon''
| ''Döskichen''
| ''Dydååjychs''
|-
![[Sngemscixngwài]]
|''t'ei qò Qòi''
|''t'ei qò Hwi''
|''t'ei qò Nyex''
|''t'ei qò Cha''
|''t'ei qò Sk'iq''
|''t'ei qò Puae''
|''t'ei qò Miaw''
|''t'ei qò Pàe''
|''t'ei qò Mae''
|''t'ei qò Si''
|}

== Terminology ==

The three cycles were named for times of day:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Name of cycle (Demma Marphat) !! Etymology
|-
| Elmeri || ''elmeri'' "morning"
|-
| Duwwa || ''duwwa'' "midday"
|-
| Zar || ''zar'' "night"
|-
|}

== History ==
yea

=== Fixing the drift ===

In the year 2673 CY, astronomer Cessncifi Gaidenneira published tables making a more accurate measurement of the length of the year, and presented these findings to the government, recommending that the 13 days be removed, and the 200-year rule be put in place. Deliberation on the matter was slow, but in the year 2676 the council decided that it would be put into place the next year, 2677, removing the thirteen days from the month of Bómaig.

Tarwah Union

2023-09-14T20:41:51Z

Thae:

The '''Tarwah Union''', formally known as the '''Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West''', is a confederation consisting of states that were founded shortly after the collapse of the [[Second Tarwah Empire]].{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West 
|native_name = '' Ñjandekhelah Ikhaŋgañ si Tarwah ʔäwwä Yabbarilah Ŋkunu ne Tamm Tayabbaratta Ñjan Saaf-Wäɖáh bu Yëggul'' {{small|([[Bhala language|Bhala]])}} 
|common_name = Tarwah Union 
|image_flag = Kunu_mbarkhene_flag.png 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = 
|national_motto = X 
|national_anthem = 
|royal_anthem = 
|other_symbol_type = 
|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
|image_map2 = 
|alt_map2 = 
|map_caption2 = 
|capital = [[Mbalkham]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|largest_city = 
|largest_settlement_type = 
|largest_settlement = 
|official_languages = [[Bhala language|Bhala]] 
|national_languages = [[Thaasi language|Thaasi]] [[Mbayy Kuy language|Mbayy Kuy]] [[Chejun language|Chejun]] 
|regional_languages = 
|languages_type = 
|languages = 
|languages_sub = 
|languages2_type = 
|languages2 = 
|languages2_sub = 
|ethnic_groups = Bhala Thaasi Mbayy Kuyy Chejun Mixed Tarwah
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Tarwah 
|government_type = 
|leader_title1 = Head of Khajjiyawwa
|leader_name1 = [[Khajjiya]]
|leader_title2 = Yambaar of Charagulgun 
|leader_name2 = [[Raavirai K. Bandéndaraal]]
|leader_title6 = Kot Nguat of Seunggun 
|leader_name6 = i dont have a name for him
|legislature = 
|upper_house = 
|lower_house = 
|sovereignty_type = 
|sovereignty_note =
|established_event1 = 
|established_date1 = 
|established_event2 = 
|established_date2 = 

|established_event9 = 
|established_date9 =
|area_rank =
|area_magnitude =
|area = 
|area_km2 = 
|area_sq_mi = 
|area_footnote = 
|percent_water =
|area_label = 
|area_label2 = 
|area_data2 = 
|population_estimate =
|population_estimate_rank =
|population_estimate_year =
|population_census =
|population_census_year =
|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_rank =
|GDP_PPP = 
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_year =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal =
|GDP_nominal_rank =
|GDP_nominal_year =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|Gini = 
|Gini_ref = 
|Gini_rank =
|Gini_year =
|HDI = 
|HDI_ref = 
|HDI_rank =
|HDI_year =
|currency = 
|currency_code = 
|time_zone = 
|utc_offset = 
|time_zone_DST = 
|utc_offset_DST = 
|DST_note = 
|antipodes = 
|date_format = 
|drives_on = 
|cctld = 
|calling_code = 
|image_map3 = 
|alt_map3 = 
|footnote_a = 
|footnote_b = 

|footnote_h = 
|footnotes = 
|patron_saint =
}}

==Etymology==
The long form of the Tarwah Union name was drafted by Khajjiya member Lehäwwäl Täwbiraal Abbaatha-Jiya, taking inspiration from the Bhala tradition of lengthy ceremonial place names. The "Holy Wind-Spirit of the West" referred is a name used for Widya among Tarwah people, as most Tarwah Kunwidya adhrents have a unique custom (borrowed from the traditional ''Barigan'' religion of the Bhala) of avoiding mentioning Widya by name. The term ''Tarwah'', currently used to refer to the overall region of former Tarwah Empire territories or the empire itself, was previously the name of the Teunggulgam River before it was officially changed by the Tarwah Union in [X date].

==History==
===Five Kingdoms===

===First Tarwa Empire===

===Second Tarwa Empire===

==Geography==

===Geology===

===Climate===

===Biodiversity===

==Politics==

===Government===

===States===
The Tarwah Union is split into three autonomous states: Khajjiyawwa, Charagulgun, and Seunggun. Each state has its own internal government carried over from pre-unionization; Khajjiyawwa has its triumvirate government – the Khajjiya – with a chosen Khajjiya member acting as a representative, while Charagulgun and Seunggun retain their traditional monarchies.

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Economy==

===Transport===

===Energy===

===Science and technology===

===Tourism===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===
There are four main indigenous ethnic groups recognized by the Tarwah Union; Bhala, Thaasi, Mbayy Kuy, and Chejun, the Bhala being the most dominant among them. The Thaasi and Chejun are both prominent in Charagulgun, which they are native to. The Mbayy Kuyy are prominent in Seunggun and northern areas of Khajjiyawwa. The Tarwah Union also officially recognizes ''tuwkhëy'' - mixed people of any two Tarwah ethnic groups.

===Language===

===Education===

===Healthcare===

===Religion===

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

Bhala language

2023-09-14T19:43:02Z

Thae:

'''Bhala''' (''Bhalaŋë'' /ˈbʰalaŋɤ/) is an isolate language native to the [[Bhala people]] of the [[Tarwah Union]], where it is also the official language.{{Infobox language
| name = Bhala
| nativename = Bhalaŋë
| pronunciation = [ˈbʰalaŋɤ]
| states = [[Tarwah Union]]
| ethnicity = [[Bhala people|Bhala]]
| speakers =xxx
| date =
| speakers2 =xxx
| familycolor = Isolate
| fam2 =
| fam3 =
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =xxx
| nation = [[Kunu-Mbarkhene]]
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==History==

==Varieties==

==Current status and importance==

==Phonology==

==Morphology==
===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Isolate languages]]

Bhala language

2023-09-14T19:42:30Z

Thae:

'''Bhala''' (''Bhalaŋë'' /ˈbʰalaŋɤ/) is an isolate language native to the [[Bhala people]] of [[Kunu-Mbarkhene]], where it is also the official language.{{Infobox language
| name = Bhala
| nativename = Bhalaŋë
| pronunciation = [ˈbʰalaŋɤ]
| states = [[Tarwah Union]]
| ethnicity = [[Bhala people|Bhala]]
| speakers =xxx
| date =
| speakers2 =xxx
| familycolor = Isolate
| fam2 =
| fam3 =
| fam4 =
| ancestor =
| script =xxx
| nation = [[Kunu-Mbarkhene]]
| minority =
| agency =
| lingua =
| map =
| mapcaption =
| map2 =
| mapcaption2 =
| glottorefname = }}

==History==

==Varieties==

==Current status and importance==

==Phonology==

==Morphology==
===Nouns===

===Verbs===

===Pronouns===

==Vocabulary==

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Isolate languages]]

Tarwah Union

2023-08-30T05:06:04Z

Thae:

The '''Tarwah Union''', formally known as the '''Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West''', is a confederation consisting of states that were founded shortly after the collapse of the [[Second Tarwah Empire]]. The states within the Tarwah Union are Khajjiyawwa, Seunggun, and Charagulgun.{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Blessed Union of Tarwah States and Protected Territories Eternally Guarded by the Holy Wind-Spirit of the West 
|native_name = '' Ñjandekhelah Ikhaŋgañ si Tarwah ʔäwwä Yabbarilah Ŋkunu ne Tamm Tayabbaratta Ñjan Saaf-Wäɖáh bu Yëggul'' {{small|([[Bhala language|Bhala]])}} 
|common_name = Tarwah Union 
|image_flag = Kunu_mbarkhene_flag.png 
|alt_flag = 
|image_flag2 = 
|alt_flag2 = 
|image_coat = 
|alt_coat = 
|symbol_type = 
|national_motto = X 
|national_anthem = 
|royal_anthem = 
|other_symbol_type = 
|other_symbol =
|image_map = 
|alt_map = 
|map_caption = 
|image_map2 = 
|alt_map2 = 
|map_caption2 = 
|capital = [[Mbalkham]] 
|latd= | latm= | latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|largest_city = 
|largest_settlement_type = 
|largest_settlement = 
|official_languages = [[Bhala language|Bhala]] 
|national_languages = [[Thaasi language|Thaasi]] [[Mbayy Kuy language|Mbayy Kuy]] [[Chejun language|Chejun]] 
|regional_languages = 
|languages_type = 
|languages = 
|languages_sub = 
|languages2_type = 
|languages2 = 
|languages2_sub = 
|ethnic_groups = Bhala Thaasi Mbayy Kuyy Chejun Mixed Tarwah
|ethnic_groups_year = 
|demonym = Tarwah 
|government_type = 
|leader_title1 = Head of Khajjiyawwa
|leader_name1 = [[Khajjiya]]
|leader_title2 = Yambaar of Charagulgun 
|leader_name2 = [[Raavirai K. Bandéndaraal]]
|leader_title6 = Kot Nguat of Seunggun 
|leader_name6 = i dont have a name for him
|legislature = 
|upper_house = 
|lower_house = 
|sovereignty_type = 
|sovereignty_note =
|established_event1 = 
|established_date1 = 
|established_event2 = 
|established_date2 = 

|established_event9 = 
|established_date9 =
|area_rank =
|area_magnitude =
|area = 
|area_km2 = 
|area_sq_mi = 
|area_footnote = 
|percent_water =
|area_label = 
|area_label2 = 
|area_data2 = 
|population_estimate =
|population_estimate_rank =
|population_estimate_year =
|population_census =
|population_census_year =
|population_density_km2 =
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_rank =
|GDP_PPP = 
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_year =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal =
|GDP_nominal_rank =
|GDP_nominal_year =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|Gini = 
|Gini_ref = 
|Gini_rank =
|Gini_year =
|HDI = 
|HDI_ref = 
|HDI_rank =
|HDI_year =
|currency = 
|currency_code = 
|time_zone = 
|utc_offset = 
|time_zone_DST = 
|utc_offset_DST = 
|DST_note = 
|antipodes = 
|date_format = 
|drives_on = 
|cctld = 
|calling_code = 
|image_map3 = 
|alt_map3 = 
|footnote_a = 
|footnote_b = 

|footnote_h = 
|footnotes = 
|patron_saint =
}}

==Etymology==
The long form of the Tarwah Union name was drafted by Khajjiya member Lehäwwäl Täwbiraal Abbaatha-Jiya, taking inspiration from the Bhala tradition of lengthy ceremonial place names. The "Holy Wind-Spirit of the West" referred is a name used for Widya among Tarwah people, as most Tarwah Kunwidya adhrents have a unique custom (borrowed from the traditional ''Barigan'' religion of the Bhala) of avoiding mentioning Widya by name. The term ''Tarwah'', currently used to refer to the overall region of former Tarwah Empire territories or the empire itself, was previously the name of the Teunggulgam River before it was officially changed by the Tarwah Union in [X date].

==History==
===Five Kingdoms===

===First Tarwa Empire===

===Second Tarwa Empire===

==Geography==

===Geology===

===Climate===

===Biodiversity===

==Politics==

===Government===

===Administrative divisions===

===Foreign relations===

===Military===

==Economy==

===Transport===

===Energy===

===Science and technology===

===Tourism===

==Demographics==

===Ethnic groups===

===Urbanisation===

===Language===

===Education===

===Healthcare===

===Religion===

==Culture==

===Heritage===

===Architecture===

===Literature===

===Art===

===Music===

===Theatre===

===Film===

===Cuisine===

===Sport===

===Symbols===

==See also==

[[Category:Countries]]

List of countries and dependencies

2023-08-28T07:26:43Z

Thae:

This is a '''list of all the countries and dependencies/territories''' on Jotunnheim.

==Sovereign states==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%"
! colspan="2" |State
!Native name(s)
!Capital
!Population
!Surface area
!Continent
|-
|
|'''[[Åbduscho]]''' {{small|Duchy of Åbduscho}}
|''{{cs|dhm|ab-dy-sho}} Åbduscho'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|kry-fon-rós-ab-dy-sho}} Kruvonrooss Åbduscho}}
|?
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Afa_flag_(1).png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Afa]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Afa}}
|''Àfa'' {{small|([[Nyamu]])}} {{small|Àgbà Àfa}} ''Àpa'' {{small|([[Nganka language|Nganka]])}} {{small|Àpaŋgą̀w}}
|[[Biamujula]]
|
|
|[[Nkungu]]
|-
|[[File:Agisia_flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Agisia]]''' {{small|Republic of Agisia}}
|''Agiṣov'' {{small|([[Agisian language|Agisian]])}} {{small|Zeźuz Agiṣovk}}
|[[Hosjutz]]
|14,491,109
|{{convert|165537|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Etzavaz]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Azalchet.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Azalchet]]''' {{small|Princedom of Azalchet}}
|''Ažaltšeto'' {{small|([[Azaldian language|Azaldian]])}} {{small|Makrōstasē Ažaltšetotas}}
|X
|
|
|[[Ashnan]]
|-
|
|'''[[Barkasche]]''' {{small|Principality of Barkasche}}
| ''?'' {{small|([[Dröövache Parutschan language|Dröövache Parutschan]])}} {{small|?}} ''{{cs|dhm|br-k-she}} Barkasche'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|trnzh-ky-rós-br-k-she}} Tranzküröös Barkasche}}
|?
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:BaroFlag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Baro]]''' {{small|State of Baro}}
|{{cs|dhm|pa%ro}} ''Páro'' {{small|([[Baro language|Baro]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|canaka%sto jo pa%ro}} Hanakásto yo Páro}}
|
|
|
|[[Nkungu]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Bunsjong.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Bunsjong]]''' {{small|X of Bunsjong}}
|''Búnsjoŋ'' {{small|([[Sjonge language|Sjonge]])}} {{small|X}}
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:Bomakwodor_flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Bomakwodor]]''' {{small|Unified Dzuma Kingdom of Bomakwodor}}
|''Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́'' {{small|([[Dzuma language|Dzuma]])}} {{small|má Dzṹmánàkɔ́ Déyí Bòmákwɔ́dɔ́}} 
|[[Bayingan]]
|
|
|[[Nkungu]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Chioq.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Chiöq]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Chiöq}}
|''Chiöq'' {{small|([[Classical Chiöq language|Classical Chiöq]])}} {{small|Chiärbuun-Chiöqduï}}
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:flagsex.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Cicex]]''' {{small|Holy Cicex}}
|''Ci-Cex'' {{small|([[Sngemscixngwài]])}} {{small|Ci-Cex Nriò}}
|
|
|
|[[Ashnan]]
|-
|[[File:Czisilia flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Czisilia]]''' {{small|Holy Realms of Czisilia and the Lhidian Dominion}}
|''Çisil'' {{small|([[Czisilian language|Czisilian]])}} ''Tjisæl'' {{small|([[Lhidian language|Lhidian]])}}
|[[Eresa]]
|4,036,308
|{{convert|86062|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Dhimrai-std.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Dhimrai]]''' {{small|United Kingdom of Dhimrai}}
|''{{cs|dhm|jhmirjhi}} Jmirji'' {{small|([[Dhimze language|Dhimze]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|rheqnit;-qiidrjhi-jhmirjhki}} Ṙeqnit Qiidrji Jmirjki}}
|[[Jvuzrada]]
|35,152,286
|{{convert|220215|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|
|'''[[Dröövache]]''' {{small|Margravate of Dröövache}}
|''{{cs|dhm|jer-çei-rhe}} Jertscheirre'' {{small|([[Dröövache Parutschan language|Dröövache Parutschan]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|zz-kós-rós-er-jer-çei-rhe}} Såskoosroos er Jertscheirre}} ''{{cs|dhm|dró-f-ce}} Dröövache'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|zz-kós-rós-dró-f-ce}} Såskoossrooss Dröövache}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|
|'''[[Dwichmii]]''' {{small|Margravate of Dwichmii}}
|''{{cs|dhm|dvic-mí}} Dwichmii'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|zz-kós-rós-dvic-mí}} Såskoossrooss Dwichmii}} ''Dvikmi'' {{small|([[Dhimze language|Dhimze]])}} {{small|Soksoros Dvikmki}} 
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Fugireu.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Fugireu]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Fugireu}}
|''{{cs|fug|fugi`reih}} Fugįreuh'' {{small|([[Fuggic language|Fuggic]])}} {{small|{{cs|fug|wui´`ti`ra´`s fugi`reih}} Wių́tįrą́s Fugįreuh}}
|[[Zaxeebi]]
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Gharzere flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Gharzere]]''' {{small|Confederation of Gharzere}}
|''{{cs|dhm|ghár;zer}} Garzerë'' {{small|([[Gharzi language|Gharzi]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|ce-kyzejh-ghár;dzeresh;}} He Kuzežë Garzereš}}
|
|
|{{convert|197877|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Etzavaz]]
|-
|
|'''[[Giidirtschizmii]]''' {{small|Margravate of Giidirtschizmii}}
|''{{cs|dhm|gí-dir-chizh-mí}} Giidirtschizmii'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|zz-kós-rós-gí-dir-chizh-mí}} Såskoossrooss Giidirtschizmii}} ''Qiidrjitmi'' {{small|([[Dhimze language|Dhimze]])}} {{small|Soksoros Qiidrjitmki}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Gistetscho.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Gistetschö]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Gistetschö}}
|''{{cs|dhm|gis-te-cho}} Gistetchö'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|trnzh-rós-gis-te-cho}} Tranzröös Gistetschö}}
|[[Hachaped]]
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Hashdezi_empire_flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Hashdezi Empire]]''' {{small|Hashdezi Empire}}
|''Feddosva Gaśðæzig'' {{small|([[Hashdezi language|Hashdezi]])}}
|[[Svakjaddr]]
|48,295,459
|{{convert|364852|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Etzavaz]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Hepetha.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Hepetha]]'''
|''X'' {{small|([[Hepethan language|Hepethan]])}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Hinzgooess.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Hinzgööss]]''' {{small|Duchy of Hinzgööss}}
|''{{cs|dhm|cinzh-gós}} Hinzgööss'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|kry-fon-rós-cinzh-gós}} Kruvonrooss Hinzgööss}}
|?
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Jadena.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Jadena]]''' {{small|Princely Republic of Jadena}}
|''Jadnsas'' {{small|([[Jadn language|Jadn]])}} {{small|X}}
|
|
|
|[[Ashnan]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Jatschuuemuerns.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Jatschüümürns]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Jatschüümürns}}
|''{{cs|dhm|j-chý-myrnz}} Jatschüümürns'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|trnzh-rós-j-chý-myrnz}} Tranzrööss Jatschüümürns}}
|?
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Khobeh_flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Khobeh]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Khobeh}}
|''Khɔbɛ'' {{small|([[Nyamu]])}} {{small|Àgbà Khɔbɛ}} 
|[[Kashinkhor]]
|
|
|[[Nkungu]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-of-Kuuztschuusches.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Küüztschüüsches]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Küüztschüüsches}}
|''{{cs|dhm|kýzh-chý-shé}} Küüztschüüschee'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|trnzh-rós-kýzh-chý-shé}} Tranzrööss Küüztschüüschee}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Nedheesi flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Nedheesi Republic]]'''
|
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|
|'''[[Ninin]]''' {{small|Ninin Territorial Assembly}}
|
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|
|'''[[Niichstschüzrii]]''' {{small|Free City of Niichstschüzrii}}
|''{{cs|dhm|nícs-chyzh-rí}} Niichstschüzrii'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|a-zá-sho-a-mó-ri-nícs-chyzh-rí}} Åsååscho Amööri Niichstschüzrii}} ''Niksjvuzri'' {{small|([[Dhimze language|Dhimze]])}}
| Niichstschuzrii ([[Wikipedia:City-state|City-state]])
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:OUTS flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Oldirian Union]]''' {{small|Oldirian Union of Tzalist States}}
|''Kűtzeźüz Öldírí'' {{small|([[Dirhassian language|Dirhassian]])}}
|[[Oszuju|Oszújú]]
|81,602,931
|{{convert|1368947|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Etzavaz]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Rirshei.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Rirshei]]''' {{small|Pecheg of Rirshei}}
|''{{cs|dhm|rir-she}} Rirshei'' {{small|([[Rirsheic language|Rirsheic]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|po-chéc-rir-she}} Pecheec Rirshei}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:rssflag-nu.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[RSS]]''' {{small|Great Queendom of the Rising Shouting Sun}}
|''Dafā Hànýkì Hye Hčŏo Hle̋šyn Úšyn'' {{small|([[Dòn language|Dòn]])}}
|[[Dafáhčookîn]]
|
|
|[[Anschuhe]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Shibun.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Shibun]]''' {{small|Shibun Empire}}
|''Shiibùn'' {{small|([[High Shinge language|High Shinge]])}} {{small|X}}
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Soderon.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Soderon]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Soderon}}
|''{{cs|dhm|só-dé-ró}} Sǿdérǿ'' {{small|([[Soderic language|Soderic]])}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Kunu_mbarkhene_flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Tarwah Union]]''' {{small|Triarchy of Kunu-Mbarkhene}}
|''Kunu-Mbarkhene'' {{small|([[Bhala language|Bhala]])}} 
|[[Mbaarkheer]]
|
|
|[[Nkungu]]
|-
|[[File:Teremres flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Teremres]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Teremres}}
|''Tėrembės'' {{small|([[Teremish language|Teremish]])}} {{small|Sės Tėrembesh Lontrės}}
|[[Regozyl]]
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|
|'''[[Tizi]]''' {{small|Parliamentary Republic of Tizi}}
|
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Tschintiesteiss.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Tschintiessteiss]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Tschintiessteiss}}
|''{{cs|dhm|chorn-ti-shé}} Tschörntischee'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|tranzh-rós-chorn-ti-shé}} Tranzrööss Tschörntischee}}
|
| 62,870,864
|{{convert|360146|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} (With colonies) {{convert|357,202|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} (Mainland TSC)
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-UKP.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[United Kadinist Provinces]]'''
|''Fyīfūnūfyi bāḍan fyi kādīnīsig'' {{small|([[Wadiin language|Wadiin]])}}
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|
|'''[[Üü]]'''
|''{{cs|dhm|ý}} Üü'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|kæn-rós-ý}} Kaanrööss Üü}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Vahtyas.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Vahtyas]]''' {{small|Triumvirate of Vahtyas}}
|
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Vrishia.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Vrishia]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Vrishia}}
|''{{cs|dhm|vri-shé-rhót}} Vrisjeeŗööt'' {{small|([[Vrishtic language|Vrishtic]])}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|-
|[[File:Vezdalen_flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[West Vezdalen]]''' {{small|Kingdom of West Vezdalen}}
|''Væzdålozu'' {{small|([[Vezdali language|Vezdali]])}} {{small|Såtruzva Væzdåloz}}
|[[Hivfeta-on-Esza]]
|
|
|[[Etzavaz]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Wadiin.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Wadiin]]''' {{small|Kingdom of Wadiin}}
|''ʿWaḍīn'' {{small|([[Wadiin language|Wadiin]])}} {{small|Ḍyāwayhwā ʿWaḍīnīfwā}}
|[[Dizundyi|Ḍīzunḍyi]]
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Wahakkum.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''Wahakkum''' {{small|Kingdom of Wahakkum}}
|''Wāhākkum'' {{small|([[Ameikkei language|Ameikkei]])}}
|
|
|
|[[Ashnan]]
|-
|
|'''[[Wügünz]]''' {{small|Grand Duchy of Wügünz}}
|''{{cs|dhm|vy-gynzh}} Wügünz'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|cýr-kry-fen-rós-vy-gynzh}} Hüürkrüvenrööss Wügünz}}
|?
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|}

==Territories & dependencies==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%"
! colspan="2" |State
!Native name(s)
!Sovereign state
!Capital
!Population
!Surface area
!Continent
|-
|[[File:West Islands Flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Dhimze West Islands]]'''
|{{cs|dhm|rhálks;-pjhydzeki-jhmirjhiks;}} ''Ṙalks Pjudzeki Jmirjiks'' {{small|([[Dhimze language|Dhimze]])}}
|{{flag|Dhimrai}}
|[[Port Artio]]
|74,000
|{{convert|16787|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|[[Nkungu]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Hadinhersia.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Hadinhersia]]''' {{small|King Hadinherss's Land}}
|{{cs|dhm|c-din-cers-ty-sho}} ''Hadinhersstüschö'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}} {{small|{{cs|dhm|ty-sho-trnzh-c-din-cer-sid}} Tüschö Tranz Hadinherssid}}
|{{flag|Küüztschüüsches}}
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:KSL Flag.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[King Sverit Land]]'''
|{{cs|dhm|pin; qiidics; sverit;}} ''Pin Qiidikhs Sverit'' {{small|([[Dhimze language|Dhimze]])}}
|{{flag|Dhimrai}}
|
|
|
|[[Ashnan]]
|-
|[[File:New-dhimrai.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[New Dhimrai]]'''
|
|{{flag|Dhimrai}}
|
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Tschenebitüschö.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Tschenebitüschö]]'''
|{{cs|dhm|che-ne-bi-ty-sho}} ''Tschenebitüschö'' {{small|([[Tschintierst language|Tschintierst]])}}
|{{flag|Tschintiessteiss}}
|[[Åsååschohådon]]
|
|
|[[Huo]]
|-
|[[File:Flag-Tschümiirs Port.png|40px|frameless|center]]
|'''[[Tschümiir's Port]]'''
|
|{{flag|Tschintiessteiss}}
|
|
|
|[[Yazland]]
|}

[[Category:Lists]]