Fuómî́ language: Difference between revisions

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In addition there are the ascending dipthongs /i̯ə/ and /u̯ɔ/ and the descending dipthongs /ei̯/, /ai̯/, /au̯/ and /ou̯/. Sequences of /ə/, /i/, /i̯ə/ or /ei̯/ followed by /ɹ/ are realised as [ɚ]; such sequences with all other vowels and dipthongs as [a˞].
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===Tones===
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
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|+ Tones in Fuómî́
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!Tone number
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!Description
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!Tone letter
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!Example word
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!IPA
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!Meaning
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|-
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| 1
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| Low
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| ˧
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| ge
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| /kə˧/
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| (prepositional marker)
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|-
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| 2
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| High
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| ˥
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| tâ'
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| /tʰaʔ˥/
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| "citadel"
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|-
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| 3
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| Low falling
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| ˨˩
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| gèun
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| /kou̯n˨˩/
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| "kill"
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|-
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| 4
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| High falling
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| ˥˩
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| kầi
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| /kʰai̯˥˩/
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| "marriage"
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|-
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| 5
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| Low rising
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| ˩˨
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| géu'
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| /kou̯ʔ˩˨/
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| "sorghum"
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|-
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| 6
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| High rising
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| ˦˥
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| Kû́'
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| /kʰuʔ˦˥/
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| (a river)
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|-
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| 7
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| Falling-rising
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| ˧˨˦
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| kěu'
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| /kʰou̯ʔ˧˨˦/
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| "asphalt"
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|}
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===Tone sandhi===
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lol, lmao
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===Phonotactics===
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  +
The structure of the Fuómî́ syllable is CV(F), where V includes dipthongs and the category of final consonants F includes only /n/, /ɹ/ and /ʔ/. /w/ and /j/ do not occur in initial position before the ascending dipthongs /i̯ə/ and /u̯ɔ/
   
 
==Grammar==
 
==Grammar==

Revision as of 18:56, 27 July 2022

Fuómî́
Fuómî́'
Pronunciation/fwɔ˨˩mi(ʔ)˦˥/
Native toa lot
Morèi
  • Early thingamajig
    • Classical thingamajig
      • Fuómî́
Early form
Old Fuómî́
Morèi script, Jozunian script
Official status
Regulated byme

Fuómî́ is the most widely spoken Morèi language, spoken natively in the central states such as Kû́tế, Dáutâ and Wàitên, and throughout the wider region as a lingua franca. It is notable among the Morèi languages for having developed a rich tonal system.

History

Varieties

Phonology

The following tables show the consonants, vowels and tones of Fuómî́ in the standardised Dáutâ dialect:

Consonants

Consonant phonemes in Fuómî́
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n [ŋ]
Stop aspirated [tɕʰ]
unaspirated p t [tɕ] k ʔ
Fricative f s [ɕ] x
Approximant ɹ j w

[ŋ] is an allophone of /n/ before velar consonants; [tɕʰ] of /tʰ/ and /kʰ/, [tɕ] of /t/ and [ɕ] of /s/ and /h/ before /i/ or /j/.

Vowels

Vowel phonemes in Fuómî́
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ə ɔ
Open a

In addition there are the ascending dipthongs /i̯ə/ and /u̯ɔ/ and the descending dipthongs /ei̯/, /ai̯/, /au̯/ and /ou̯/. Sequences of /ə/, /i/, /i̯ə/ or /ei̯/ followed by /ɹ/ are realised as [ɚ]; such sequences with all other vowels and dipthongs as [a˞].

Tones

Tones in Fuómî́
Tone number Description Tone letter Example word IPA Meaning
1 Low ˧ ge /kə˧/ (prepositional marker)
2 High ˥ tâ' /tʰaʔ˥/ "citadel"
3 Low falling ˨˩ gèun /kou̯n˨˩/ "kill"
4 High falling ˥˩ kầi /kʰai̯˥˩/ "marriage"
5 Low rising ˩˨ géu' /kou̯ʔ˩˨/ "sorghum"
6 High rising ˦˥ Kû́' /kʰuʔ˦˥/ (a river)
7 Falling-rising ˧˨˦ kěu' /kʰou̯ʔ˧˨˦/ "asphalt"

Tone sandhi

lol, lmao

Phonotactics

The structure of the Fuómî́ syllable is CV(F), where V includes dipthongs and the category of final consonants F includes only /n/, /ɹ/ and /ʔ/. /w/ and /j/ do not occur in initial position before the ascending dipthongs /i̯ə/ and /u̯ɔ/

Grammar

Vocabulary

Writing systems